Cells

Question 1

what are all living things made of

Answer 1

cells

Question 2

what are the two types of cells

Answer 2

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 3

what is a eukaryote

Answer 3

organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells. eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells

Question 4

what is a prokaryote

Answer 4

a prokaryotic cell ( a single - celled organism). prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. bacteria.

Question 5

what are animal cells subcellular structure

Answer 5

NUCLEUS - contains genetic material that controls activity of cell
CYTOPLASM - gel-like substance, most chemical reactions take place, contains enzymes that controls these chemical reactions
CELL MEMBRANE - holds cell together and controls what goes in and out
MITOCHONDRIA - these are most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place
RIBOSOMES - these are where protein are made in the cell

Question 6

plants subcellular structure

Answer 6

plant cell usually have all the bits that animal cells have, plus a few things that animal cells do not have
RIGID CELL WALL - made of cellulose, supports the cell and strengthens it
PERMANENT VACUOLE - contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts
CHLOROPLASTS - where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for plant. they contain a green substance called chlorophyll, which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis

Question 7

bacterial cells subcellular structure

Answer 7

bacteria are prokaryotes
they have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and cell wall.
bacterial cells don’t have a true nucleus - instead they have a single circular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
they may also contain one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids
bacteria do not have chloroplasts or mitochondria

Question 8

give two differences in structure between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 8

prokaryotic cells - plasmids and no nucleus
eukaryotic cells - nucleus, mitochondria and etc.