Cell structure and organisation Flashcards
What is the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
in the eukaryotes the DNA is enclosed in the nucleus but in the prokaryotes they have a loop of DNA
what is the function of the nucleus
controls all the activities of a cell it contains the genesoon the chromosomes that carry the instructions for making the proteins needed to make new cells
what is the function of the cytoplasm
most of the chemical reactions needed for life take place there
what is the function of the cell membrane
controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions
what is the function of the Mitochondria
where O2 is used and where most of the energy is released during respiration
what is the function of the cell wall
made of cellulose that strengthens the cell and gives it support
what is the function of the chloroplasts
contains chlorophyll thats absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
how are fat cells specialised to carry pout their function
they have small amounts of cytoplasm and large amounts of fat
how are root hair cells specialised to carry out their function
I’m root hairs to increase the surface area for water to move into the cell
large permanent vacuole
how are sperm cells specialised to carry out their function
long tail that helps them to swim
middle section full of mitochondria which provides energy for the tail to work
the acronym stores digestive enzymes for breaking the outer layers of the egg
what are the types of tissues
muscular tissue
glandular tissue
epithelial tissue
what is diffusion
diffusion is the movement of particles from an are of high concentration to an area of low concentration down the concentration gradient
what factors effect diffusion
difference in concentration
large surface area
Temperature
what is osmosis
it is the movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through semi permeable membrane
what is a hypotonic solution
when the concentration outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell
