cell structure Flashcards
What are the 2 types of organisms called?
Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
What is a Prokaryotic cell? give ex.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler then Eukaryotic cells eg. bacteria
What is a Eukaryotic cell? give ex.
Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells.
What sub cellular structures does an animal cell have?
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosome.
What sub cellular structures does a plant cell have?
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome, cell wall, permanent vacuole and chloroplasts.
What is the nucleus?
The nucleus contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell. It is enclosed in a nuclear membrane.
What is the Cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance where most pf chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes (biological catalysts ie. proteins that speed up the rate if reaction). Organelles are found in it.
What is the cell membrane?
The cell membrane holds the cell together and contains what goes in and out the cell.
What is the Mitochondria?
The mitochondria’s are where most of the reactions of aerobic respiration take place. Providing energy for the cell.
What are the Ribosomes?
The Ribosome is where protein synthesis occurs.
What is the Cell wall?
The cell wall is made of cellulose and provides strength to the cell.
What is the permanent vacuole?
The permanent vacuole contains cell sap and improved the cells rigidity.
What is the chloroplast?
Chloroplast is where photosynthesis takes place providing food for the plant. It contains a chlorophyll pigment which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis.
What is the structure of bacteria?
Bacteria contain a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, single circular strands of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm and may contain one or more plasmids.
What is cell differentiation?
This is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job. As cells change, they develop different sub cellular structures and turn into different types if cells.
