Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Cell Physiology - Receptors > Flashcards

Cell Physiology - Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 main types of receptors?

A
  • metabotropic, ionotropic and g-protein mediated?
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

metabotropic receptors

A
  • G-protein coupled receptors
  • indirectly linked with ion channels on the plasma membrane of the cell through signal transduction mechanisms, often G proteins.
  • don’t have a channel of their own
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ionotrobic

A
  • ligand gated transmembrane ion channels (include nicotinic receptors)
  • usually allow K+, Na+, Cl- and Ca+ to pass through
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

g protein coupled receptors

A

.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

examples of metabotropic receptors

A

.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inhibitory neurotransmitters do what to the cell?

excitatory neurotransmitters do what?

A
  • hyperpolarize (usu opening of Na+ and K+ channels)

- depolarize (USUALLY opening of Cl- channels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nicotinic receptors

A
  • producing or mediating sympathetic effects (think: nicotine speeds up the heart rate)
  • Ach binds to this; also a Na+ and K+ ion channel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

muscarinic receptors

A
  • producing or mediating parasympathetic effects (ex: slowed heart rate, increased activity of digestive muscles)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

examples of agents affecting neuromuscular transmission(4)

A
  1. botulinus toxin
  2. curare
  3. neostigmine
  4. hemicholinium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

myesthenia gravis

A
  • caused by the presence of antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor
  • is characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and fatigability resulting from a reduced number of acetylcholine receptors on the muscle end plate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the some excitatory neurotransmitters? (6)

A
  1. acetylcholine
  2. glutamate
  3. serotonin
  4. dopamine
  5. norepinephrine
  6. serotonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some inbitory neurotransmitters? (2)

A

glycine and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

spatial summation

A
  • occurs when two excitatory inputs arrive at a postsynaptic neuron SIMULTANEOUSLY
  • together they produce greater depolarization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

temporal summation

A
  • when two excitatory inputs arrive at a postsynaptic neuron in RAPID SUCCESSION
  • because the resulting postsynaptic depolarizations overlap in time, they add in stepwise fashion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the primary transmitter released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

A
  • NOREPINEPHRINE

- binds with alpha and beta receptors on the postsynaptic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the synthetic pathway for dopamine, NE and epinephrine?

A
  • Tyrosine –> L-Dopa–> dopamine –> Norepinephrine –> Epinephrine
17
Q

epinephrine

A
  • is secreted from the adrenal medulla along with NE
18
Q

dopamine

A
  • inhibits prolactin secretion - (prolactin-inhibiting factor PIF)
  • ## significant in Parkinsons disease and Schizophrenia
19
Q

Serotonin

A
  • functions to ____

- is converted to melatonin in the pineal gland

20
Q

Histamine

A
  • functions to ___

- present in the neurons in the hypothalamus

21
Q

glutamate

A
  • the most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain
  • there are 4 subtypes: 3 ionotropic and 1 metabotropic
22
Q

GABA

A
  • inhibitory neurotransmitter (therefore increases Cl- conductance)
  • has 2 types of receptors: GABA-a and GABA-b
23
Q

GABA-a receptors

A

binding of this receptor increases Cl- conductance and is the site of action of benzodiazepines and barbituates

24
Q

GABA-b receptors

A
  • increases cell conductance of K+
25
Q

Glycine

A
  • inhibitory neuron found in the spinal cord and the brain stem
  • increases Cl- conductance
26
Q

Nitric Oxide

A
  • short acting inhibitory neurotransmitter in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and CNS
  • is a permeant gas that diffuses from the presynaptic terminal to its target cell
  • also functions in signal transduction of guanylyl cyclase in a variety of tissues, including vascular smooth muscle
27
Q

what are the 2 types of cholinergic receptors?

A

nicotinic and muscarinic

28
Q

what is the functional classification type for nicotinic receptors?

A

ionotropic

29
Q

what are the common ionotropic receptors?

A

nicotine, acetylcholine,

Physiology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions