Cell division and stem cells (new) Flashcards
1
Q
What are chromosomes?
A
- linear arrangements of genes
- come in pairs (one from each parent)
2
Q
what are genes?
A
- come in pairs (same with chromosomes)
- codes for characteristics
3
Q
What do organisms use MITOSIS for?
A
- growth
- repair of damaged cells
- replacement of old cells
4
Q
What does MITOSIS produce?
A
- 2 daughter cells
- each daughter cell is genetically identical
- has same number of chromosomes as mother
5
Q
What do organisms use for MEIOSIS?
A
- formation of sex cells(gametes) like eggs and sperm for sexual reproduction
6
Q
What does MEIOSIS produce?
A
- 4 daughter cells
- each genetically different
- half the chromosomes of mother
7
Q
What is uncontrolled mitosis?
A
- Cancer
8
Q
Why can’t you use mature cells for stem cells?
A
As they have generally lost the ability to differentiate
9
Q
What is a stem cell?
A
an unspecialised cell that can develop/differentiate into other types of cell
