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Cell Biology > Cell Bio Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Cell Bio Quiz 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the cells functions?

A

-respiration
- cell division
-nervous system function
- immune defense
- producing blood cells
- wound healing
- cell communication
- cell migration
- digestion

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2
Q

What is the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

Prokaryotes: no nucleus, single cell, smaller, no organelles
Eukaryotes: nucleus, single OR multicellular, larger, organelles

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3
Q

What do eukaryotes and prokaryotes both have?

A

Ribosomes, DNA, cytoplasm,plasma membrane

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4
Q

Are ribosomes organelles? Why or why not?

A

No; has no membrane

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5
Q

Organelles

A

Mitochondria, lysosomes, chloroplast, rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, nucleus

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6
Q

What kind of bond is the dotted line on a structure?

A

Hydrogen bond

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7
Q

Molecules that are ionic or polar covalent are ______.

A

Hydrophilic

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8
Q

Molecules that are nonpolar covalent are _____.

A

Hydrophobic

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9
Q

Hydrophilic definition

A

Water loving molecules

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10
Q

Hydrophobic definition

A

Water hating molecules

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11
Q

What are the four macromolecules?

A

Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins

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12
Q

What type of linkage does a protein have?

A

Peptide bonds

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13
Q

What type of linkage does lipids have?

A

Ester linkage

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14
Q

What kind of linkage does nucleic acids have?

A

Phosphodiester bonds

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15
Q

What type of linkage does carbohydrates have?

A

Glycosidic bonds

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16
Q

Monomer of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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17
Q

Monomer of lipids

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

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18
Q

Monomer of protein

A

Amino acids

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19
Q

Monomer of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

20
Q

Polymer of nucleic acids

A

DNA and RNA

21
Q

Polymer of lipids

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids

22
Q

Polymer of proteins

A

Polypeptides

23
Q

Polymer of carbohydrates

A

Disaccharide and polysaccharide

24
Q

Function of lipids

A

Energy storage, membrane structure, signaling

25
Q

Function of proteins

A

Transportation, storage, signaling, enzymes

26
Q

Functions of nucleic acids

A

Storing information and hereditary

27
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Energy source, controls look glucose and insulin metabolism, helps fermentation

28
Q

What are some good model organisms?

A

Fruitfly, zebra fish, mice, slime mold, frog, sea urchin

29
Q

What makes a good model organism?

A

Small, large progeny, easily maintained, mature quickly, rapid reproduction

30
Q

What isn’t a good model organism?

A

Elephant

31
Q

What is cell culture?

A

An approach to look at cells in a beaker or dish.

32
Q

Primary cell culture

A

Tissue extraction in culture that is directly from organism yet there is only a finite amount of cells

33
Q

Why is primary cell culture only finite?

A

Cells may no longer divide after leaving the body.

34
Q

Continuous cell line

A

Cells that have an infinite amount of cells and an infinite number of divisions.

35
Q

Why is the continuous cell line infinite?

A

They work with cancer cells and embryonic stem cells that continuously and rapidly divide

36
Q

Microscopy

A

Visualize structures in cells or organisms

37
Q

Magnification

A

Make something appear larger that it is

38
Q

Resolution

A

Distinguish objects separated by a small distance

39
Q

Light microscopy

A

Light as energy source

40
Q

Bright field

A

General structure/composition of the cell

41
Q

Phase contrast

A

Gives you difference of thickness of the cell and specific structural features

42
Q

Fluorescent

A

Collects a large amount of light to generate a general image of the CELL

43
Q

Confocal fluorescent

A

Collect pinpoints of light to put together a specific greater resolution

44
Q

From worst to best, label the order of light microscopy

A

Bright field
Phase contrast
Fluorescence
Confocal fluorescence

45
Q

What happen when orange goes in as the excitation? What comes out?

A

Red emission light

46
Q

What what the excitation if emission is Green?

A

Blue

Cell Biology (10 decks)

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