Causes Of Wind Generations Flashcards
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Winds or wind currents are generated by two
factors:
Uneven heating between Poles and Equator
Centre of the earth is called Equator and the
two extreme positions are Poles.
Poles are cooler than equator as highest
intensity of the sun’s heat and light falls on
the equator and it reduces as we go either
side of equator towards the poles.
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Cooler air from surrounding areas of the
equator comes towards the equator to fill the
place of warm air which rises up due to sun’s
heating.
Similarly, cooler air from poles comes
towards the surrounding areas as the
surrounding areas have air warmer than the
poles.
These winds from north to equator and south
to equator are not straight as their direction
change due to earth’s rotation on its axis.
Uneven heating between Land and Water -
This occurs in the coastal areas.
Sea Breeze: This causes the wind to move from Sea towards Land and the process continues during the day. These are also called Monsoon winds.
Land Breeze: This causes the wind to move from Land towards Sea and the process continues during the night
IMPORTANT!
Sea breeze takes place at day time
Land breeze takes place at night time.
Summer and Winter winds
During summer season, winds blow from sea towards land on a large scale.
These winds carry water droplets with them and form clouds.
During monsoon season, these clouds rain as they become heavier.
Rain is useful for farmers for irrigation but excessive rain causes floods and diseases.
During winter season, the winds blow from land to sea and they do not carry any water droplets with them. Hence, Monsoon season occurs only after summer season.
Due to uneven heating of land and ocean water what happens in the following season?
Due to uneven heating of land and ocean water
(a) In winter season The uneven heating of land and water generates winds from the North-West colder land which carry little water. It brings small amount of rain in winter season.
In summer season The uneven heating of land and ocean water generates wind from the South-West direction. These winds carry lot of water from the INDIAN OCEAN.
How is the pressure difference created in nature?
Pressure difference is created in the nature by the heat of the sun. When it falls on the earth surface, the surface of the earth gets heated and air above it also gets warm and becomes light weight and moves upward. Thus, the pressure difference is created.
Q. A flat in Mumbai with a balcony facing the sea has some clothes hung on a clothesline in the balcony. Towards which direction, the clothes will be blown in the afternoon? Explain it.
As during the afternoon, the land becomes hot which ultimately creates hot air above it and we know that hot air rises up and there is low pressure created. Thus, winds from sea start blowing towards the land and the clothes will be blown towards the house because sea breeze blowing towards the land
Describe the following terms briefly.
(a) Trade winds
(b) Westerlies
(c) Polar winds
(a) The permanent wind that blows towards the equator from North to South are called trade winds.
(b) The wind blowing towards 60°N and 60° S latitudes are called westerlies.
(c) The set of wind blowing from the cold polar regions towards 60° N and 60° S latitudes are called polar winds.
