case study volcanos - Eyjafjallajokull , Iceland Flashcards
where is the volcano located
south west of Iceland in the eastern volcanic zone
forms part of the mid Atlantic ridge
eruption history ?
erupted several times
previous major eruptions between 1821 and 1823
what happened in 2009 - 2010 that indicated signs of reawakening
increased seismic activity in 2009
feb 2010 ground deformation suggested magma rising to the surface
what happened during the march eruption
march 20th 2010
magma rose to the surface and was emitted through a number of vents in the form of lava flows
how was the April and may eruption different to the march
occurred under the ice caps which increased the explosive power
ash was carried 9 km into the atmosphere
fragments of glass like shards were carried in the eruption plume
what level was the eruption on the VEI scale
4
what were the 5 impacts from the eruption
local and international
flooding - social and environmental
farming - economic
tourism - economic
fishing - economic
air quality - social
what were the global impacts
airline industry
global supply chains
what were the impacts on southern Iceland
livestock was taken indoors to escape ash
local population evacuated for safety because of respiratory threats due to the ash
local flooding as glaciers melt
fresh fish exports - major industry was badly affected with loss of income
how many flights were cancelled in Heathrow on one day alone
1000
why and how much money was airlines loosing
millions of pounds a day
and then people began to claim compensations to cover extra days in hotel rooms
how much GDP did Europe loose due to eruption
2.6 billion
when did the eruption occur and why was it significant to airlines
at the end of the easter break so many people were stuck abroad
teachers could not return to teach , key members of government were missingo
how did It impact the channel tunnel and ferries
channel tunnel and ferries made lots of extra money and more business
positive impact
how many days were European flights grounded for
over a 7 day period
how did the eruption impact the airline industry
reykjavik closed for several days
European flights were grounded for over a 7 day period
ash presented issues with reduced visibility, damaged jet engines and scratching windscreens
airlines lost 10s of millions of pounds
how many flights were canceled in the uk
half a million
how much did European air travel drop the following year
12%
what did the Icelandic government do to protect people.
evacuate the people living in southern coastal towns
700 people were sent rescuers because of excessive flooding
