cardiovasulcar system 2

Question 1

describe the organisation of the cardiovascular system and explain the differences between the pulmonary and systemic circulations

Answer 1

pulmonary circuit, caries blood to and from gas exchange surfaces of lungs
systemic circulations, carries blood to from rest of body, upper and lower halves.

Question 2

describe the anatomy of the heart

Answer 2

rests on diaphragm, situated in mediastinum, 2/3 lie on LHS of body. 4 quadrants, L and R atria, L and R ventricle

Question 3

identify the layers of the heart wall

Answer 3

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

Question 4

describe the flow of blood through heart. chamber order

Answer 4

left to right, left atria, left ventricle, right ventricle and right atria leaves through, pulmonary trunk and artery

Question 5

describe and explain the function of the different heart valves

Answer 5

atrioventricular valves, between atria and ventricle, stops blood from entering ventricle when unwanted, valves then close and blood flows into aorta or pulmonary artery from right ventricle

semilunar valves, between ventricles and arteries, prevent back flow (blow by). pulmonary semilunar valve, base of pulmonary arterial trunk, and aortic semilunar, base of aorta.

Question 6

describe the function and significance of the coronary circulation

Answer 6

coronary circulation is the transport of deoxygenated blood back into the heart (RA) for oxygenation. carried by thin walled vein such that no smooth muscle can alter the diameter