Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards
Most acquired heart diseases in dogs
Heart worm,mitral insufficiency, dilated cardiomyopathy
Most common cardiac disease in cats.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Right side of the heart:
Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, tricuspid valve
Left side of the heart:
Left atrium and left ventricle, mitral valve, aorta
Cardiac output=
Stroke volume x heart rate
The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle wi each beat
Stroke volume
Response to exercise by increasing muscle
Physiologic heart enlargement
disease described as back flow into precious compartment
Valvular disease
Disease described as small area of the heart not polarizing or depolarizing properly
Arrhythmias
Cardiac drugs have a low __________ therapeutic index which causes us to monitor heart rate, blood pressure, blood pressure, EKG, CRT etc.
Low
These drugs improve the strength of contraction to improve cardiac output
Positive inotropic drugs
Digoxin trade name.
Cardoxin®
Digoxin (cardoxin®) is what type of drug?
Cardiac glycosides
This cardiac drug stimulates beta-1 receptors to increase contractile force.
Catecholamines
Drug type used for short term management of severe heart failure.
Catecholamines
Epinephrine trade name.
Adrenalin®
Epinephrine (adrenalin®) is what type of drug?
Catecholamines
Dobutamine trade name
Dobutrex®
Pimobendan trade name
Vetmedin®
What type of drugs are dobutamine and Pimobendan?
Inotropic
Lidocaine and procainamide are what type of drugs?
Anti arrhythmic
An anti arrhythmic drug that is and adrenergic beta blocker.
Propranolol
Drugs that dilate arteries, veins, or both to reduce after load and improve cardiac output
Vasodilator drugs
Leads to compensatory mechanisms which cause hypertension
Congestive heart failure
Enalapril trade name
Enecard®
Benazapril trade name
Lotensin®
Captopril trade name
Capoten
Can be used to treat laminitis in horses.
Nitroglycerin ointment
Diltiazem trade name.
Cardizem ®
Amlodipine trade name
Norvasc®
Most common type of drug used for congestive heart failure to reduce preload be reducing las a volume.
Diuretics
Furosemide trade name.
Lasix®
Spironolactone trade name.
Aldactone®
Mannitol is what type of drug.
Diuretics
Type of drug that inhibits clot formation by inactivating clot factors.
Antiocoagulants
Heparin is what type of drug?
Anticoagulant
Type of drug that promotes clotting of blood
Hemostatic drug
Used for rodenticide bleeding.
Vitamin K
Drugs that allow more efficient oxygenation of blood.
Bronchodilator
What diet changes can we make to maintain heart disease.
Sodium restriction, fish oils
The hemoststic drug that controls capillary bleeding by constricting tissue.
Silver nitrate
The hemostatic drug used for control bleeding in superficial cuts.
Hemostat powder
Prevents clotting in catheters.
Heparin
The volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole.
Preload
Pressure in arteries that must be overcome to empty the blood from the ventricles
After load
Most common heart problem in cats
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Volume of blood in ventricles at the end of diastole
Preload
Pressure in arteries that must be overcome to empty blood from the ventricles
After load
Used as a last ditch drug used at the end of heart failure
Positive inotropic drugs
Increased Arrhythmias and oxygen demand
Positive inotropic drugs
Catecholamine that raises blood pressure.
Norepinephrine
Hydralazine and prazosin is what type of drug?
Vasodialators
