Cardio Pharm

Question 1

Heart Failure drugs that INC Contractility (3)

Answer 1

Digoxin (symptomatic tx)
Dobutamine (acute decompensated HF)
Milrinone (acute decompensated HF)

Heart Failure drug that INC contractility (3)

Question 2

Heart failure drugs that DEC Preload (3 classes)

Answer 2

Diuretics (furosemide; used for symptomatic tx)
Vasodilators (nitrates, hydralazine)
ACE inhibitors/ARBs (Proven to have M&M benefits)

Heart failure drugs that DEC Preload

Question 3

Heart failure drugs that DEC Afterload (4 classes)

Answer 3

Diuretics (furosemide; used for symptomatic tx)
Vasodilators (nitrates, hydralazine)
ACE inhibitors/ARBs (Proven to have M&M benefits)
Beta Blockers (metoprolol succinate, bisoprolol, carvedilol; proven to have M&M benefits)

Heart failure drugs that DEC Afterload (4 classes)

Question 4

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IA
MOA:
Use:
Example

Answer 4

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IA

MOA: Binds to activated Na channels and blocks flow of Na ions into cardiac myocyte (prolongs Action potential)

Use: Atrial Fibrillation, Atrial Flutter, Ventricular tachycardia

Example: Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide

Question 5

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IB
MOA:
Use:
Example

Answer 5

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IB

MOA: Bind to both activated & inactivated Na channels and blocks flow of Na ions in the cardiac myocyte (shortens action potential)

Use: Post-ischemic arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia

Example: Lidocaine, Tocainide, Mexiletine

Question 6

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IC
MOA:
Use:
Example:

Answer 6

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IC

MOA: Binds to activated Na channels and blocks flow of Na ions into cardiac myocyte (no effect on action potential)

Use: Treatment of severe refractory ventricular arrhythmia

Example: Flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone

Question 7

Heart Failure Drugs: Class II
MOA:
Use:
Example:

Answer 7

Heart Failure Drugs: Class II

MOA: Blocks B adrenergic receptors

Use: Numerous

Example: Propranolol, Metoprolol

Question 8

Heart Failure Drugs: Class III
MOA:
Use:
Example:

Answer 8

Heart Failure Drugs: Class III

MOA: Binds to K channels and blocks the flow of K into myocyte (prolongs action potential)

Use: Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias

Example: Sotalol, Ibutilide, Bretylium, Amiodarone* (Amiodarone has class I - IV properties)

Question 9

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IV
MOA:
Use:
Example:

Answer 9

Heart Failure Drugs: Class IV

MOA: Blocks voltage-gated Ca channels thus blocking Ca flow into the cell

Use: Supraventricular tachycardia; Rate reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation

Example: Verapamil, Diltiazem

Question 10

HTN Drugs:

Cause Na excretion and reduction in blood volume

Answer 10

Diuretics

HTN Drugs:
Cause Na excretion and reduction in blood volume

Question 11

HTN Drugs:

Calcium channel blockers that exerts more effect on the VESSELS than the heart

Answer 11

Dihydropyridines (Nifedipine, Felodipine, Amlodipine)

HTN Drugs:
CCB: Vessels > Heart

Question 12

HTN Drugs:

Calcium channel blockers that exerts more effect on the HEART than the vessels

Answer 12

Non-Dihydropyridines (Verapamil, Diltiazem)

HTN Drugs:
CCB: Heart > Vessels

Question 13

HTN Drugs:

Decreases work load of the heart

Answer 13

Beta blockers

HTN Drugs:
Decreases work load of the heart

Question 14

HTN Drugs:

Blocks the AT1 receptor of angiotensin II

Answer 14

ARBs

HTN Drugs:
Blocks the AT1 receptor of angiotensin II

Question 15

HTN Drugs:  
INC Bradykinin (drug-induced cough)

Answer 15

ACEi

HTN Drugs:  
INC Bradykinin (drug-induced cough)HTN Drugs:

Question 16

HTN Drugs:

Blocks aldosterone action in the collecting tubules

Answer 16

Spironolactone, Eplerenone

HTN Drugs:
Blocks aldosterone action in the collecting tubules

Question 17

HTN Drugs:

Hypertension with Benign Prostati Hyperplasia

Answer 17

Alpha-1 antagonists (Prazosin)

HTN Drugs:
Hypertension with Benign Prostati Hyperplasia

Question 18

HTN Drugs:

Maintenance medication for pre-eclampsia

Answer 18

Methyldopa

HTN Drugs:
Maintenance medication for pre-eclampsia