Cardio Facts Flashcards
S2 sound
Aortic and pulmonary valve closure
Loudest left of sternal border
S1 sound
Mitral valve and tricuspid valve closure
Loudest in mitral area
S3 sound
Early diastole during rapid ventricular filling phase
Normal in children and pregnant women
S3 sound associated with?
Mitral regurgitation, CHF
Increased filling pressures or dilated ventricles
S4 sound
Atrial kick
Late diastole, High atrial pressure
S4 sound associated with
Ventricular hypertrophy because left atrium must push against a stiff left ventricle wall
When is normal splitting heard?
Inspiration
When is wide splitting heard?
Conditions that delay RV emptying
Pulmonic stenosis, RBBB
Causes delayed pulmonic sound
When is fixed splitting heard?
ASD
Regardless of breathe, pulmonic closure is greatly delayed
When is a paradoxical splitting heard?
Conditions delay LV emptying
Arotic stenosis, LBBB
Normal valve closure is reversed so P2 comes before delayed A2 sound
Aortic area on auscultation can hear
Systolic murmur
Aortic stenosis
Flow murmur
Aortic valve sclerosis
Where can a diastolic/systolic murmur be heard?
Left sternal border
Diastolic
Aortic regurgitation
Pulmonic regurgitation
Systolic
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
What can be heard at pulomonic area
Systolic ejection murmur
Pulmonic stenosis
Flow murmur ( atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus )
What kind of murmurs can be heard at tricuspid area
Pansystolic murmur
Tricuspid regurgitation
VSD
Diastolic murmur
Tricuspid stenosis
ASD
What kind of murmurs can be heard at mitral area?
Systolic murmur
Mitral regurgitation
Diastolic
Mitral stenosis
