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anatomy > cardiac anatomy > Flashcards

cardiac anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

normal metabolic needs for the body is supplied by …

A

interaction ❤️ great vessels ( aorta / pulmonary artery) , capillaries & veins

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2
Q

primary function ❤️

A

supply adequate energy > delivery oxygenated blood & substrate metabolizing tissue & removes carbon dioxide

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3
Q

arteries

A

blood away from ❤️

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4
Q

veins

A

blood back to ❤️

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5
Q

aorta : great vessel

A

conducts blood > Lt vent > peripheral arteries

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6
Q

peripheral arteries

A

transports oxygenated blood > aorta > various tissue : body

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7
Q

arterioles

A

last branch : arterial system / acts > control valves by releasing blood > capillaries

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8
Q

venules

A

veins collect blood > capillaries

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9
Q

veins

A

blood > peripheral tissue : ❤️

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10
Q

heart ❤️

A

muscular organ > pumps blood throughout blood vessels : body

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11
Q

what is the property : ❤️

A

automaticity > contracts / relax itself on its own

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12
Q

location : ❤️

A

thorax ( chest ) > b/w 2 lungs, space = mediastinum
- lies 2/3 : midline w/ apex : ❤️ toward Lt hip

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13
Q

most anterior chamber

A

Rt ventricle

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14
Q

most posterior chamber

A

Lt atrium

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15
Q

most dominant chamber

A

Lt vent

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16
Q

apex

A

blunt , rounded bottom
- anteriorly / Lt : towards pt hip

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17
Q

base

A

under 2 ribs, widest portion
- posteriorly / rt

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18
Q

crux

A

area : 4 chamber meets posteriorly
- internally crux > interventricular / interaterial septum meet

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19
Q

Lt vent meets … , aka:

A

lungs , oblique margin

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20
Q

Rt vent meets …, aka:

A

diaphragm, acute margin

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21
Q

cardiac motion

A

❤️ contracts : moves downwards (base > apex) , twist counterclockwise moves anteriorly during vent systole (contraction)

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22
Q

how many chamber in ❤️ ?

A

4

2 pumping chamber = ventricle
2 receiving chamber = atrium

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23
Q

ventricle

A

lower chambers
Separate > interventricular septum

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24
Q

atrium

A

upper chamber
separate > interaterial septum

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25
Q

Rt atrium receives … blood from …. deliveres blood > …

A

oxygen poor, svc,Ivc & cs
Rt vent

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26
Q

Lt atrium receives … blood from …
delivers blood > …

A

oxygen rich, lungs ( 4 pulmonary veins)
Lt vent

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27
Q

Non functional valves

A

Eustachian valve
Thebesian valve

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28
Q

trabeculae carneae
location :

A

thick muscle band
along inner wall : ventricle

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29
Q

chordae tendineae
originates :

A

strong fibrous cord
tip : papillary muscle > tip : atrioventricular valves

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30
Q

papillary muscles
Location :

A

both ventricle
below atrioventricular valves

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31
Q

Rt vent

inflow tract

A

tricuspid valves annular, tricuspid valve leaflet,, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle ( around TV)

32
Q

Rt vent

outflow tract

A

extends cephalad/ leftward from anterior medial portion : Tv > pulmonic valve annulus

33
Q

Rt vent

apex

A

heavily trabculated especially comparison > Lt vent

34
Q

moderator band

A

muscle band > extends rt vent free wall > Ivs / carries conduction system Rt bundle branch
* considered normal variant > may not be seen in all pt

35
Q

Lt vent

A

thickest chamber ❤️
75% ❤️ total mass
pumps oxygenated blood > body ( ascending aorta)

36
Q

Lt vent

inflow

A

Mitral valve, MV leaflets, chordae tendineae, 2 papillary muscle, myocardium

37
Q

Lt vent

apex

A

Lt vent : dominantly forms apex : ❤️

38
Q

Lt vent

outflow

A

extends > Mv annulus > Av annulus

39
Q

valves

A

4 functional valve > human ❤️

40
Q

cardiac valve

A

maintain undirection flow b/w chamber / great vessel

41
Q

atrioventricular

A

b/w atrium / vent

42
Q

semilunar valve

A

b/w vent / great vessel

43
Q

how many semilunar valve ?

A

2

44
Q

Rt side, location : SL valve
name

A

b/w Rt vent / pulmonary artery
pulmonic valve

45
Q

Lt side, location : SL valve
name

A

b/w Lt vent / ascending aorta
aortic valve

46
Q

aortic valve

A

maintains unidirectional flow > Lt vent > ascending aorta

47
Q

what is the circulation of aortic valve ?

A

systemic circulation

48
Q

pulmonary valve

A

maintains unidirectional flow > Rt vent > pulmonary artery

49
Q

what is the circulation of pulmonary valve ?

A

pulmonary circulation

50
Q

how many cups does SL have ?

A

3

51
Q

aortic valve > Lt side cusps

A

Rt coronary
Lt coronary
non coronary

52
Q

pulmonic valve Rt side cups

A

Anterior
Lt
Rt

53
Q

Atrioventricular valve

A

b/w atrium / vent

54
Q

Rt AV valve has 3 cups

A

tricuspid valve

55
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

maintains unidirectional flow b/w Rt atrium / Rt vent

56
Q

Lt AV valves has 2 cups

A

Mitral valve

57
Q

mitral valve

A

Maintains 1 way flow b/w Lt atrium / Lt ventricle

58
Q

Rt side ❤️

Rt atrium receives blood >

A

bodies deoxygenated blood > svc, Ivc, cs

59
Q

Rt side ❤️

Rt ventricle receives blood >

A

Rt atrium ( Tv), AV valve > Rt side

60
Q

Rt side ❤️

RVIT marked >

A

AV valve ( Tv)

61
Q

Rt side ❤️

RVOT marked >

A

SL valve ( pulmonic valve )

62
Q

Lt side ❤️

Lt atrium receives blood >

A

newly oxygenated blood
( 4 pulmonary veins )

63
Q

Lt side ❤️

Lt vent receives blood >

A

Lt atrium ( Mv) AV valve > Lt side

64
Q

Lt side ❤️

LVIT marked >

A

AV valve ( Mv)

65
Q

Lt side ❤️

LVOT marked >

A

SL valve : aortic valve

66
Q

heart / root

A

great vessel lie within pericardial sac

67
Q

visceral layer ( epicardium )
location
how much fluid does it contain ?

A

very closely applied > ❤️
sits b/w parietal / visceral layers : pericardial cavity
contains 50cc fluis

67
Q

fibrous pericardium

A

limits movements : ❤️ > attaching central tendon : diaphragm below / outer coat : great vessel above

67
Q

oblique sinus

A

free space created > pericardium wrapping around pulmonary veins

68
Q

transverse sinus

A

free space created > pericardium wrapping around base : great vessel

69
Q

endocardium

A

most inner layer lining cavities / valve composed : endothelial cells ( lines chamber / valve )

70
Q

Myocardium

A

thick, muscular heart
responsible > heart - pumping mechanism
adipose tissue > fitted b/w myocardium / next layer

71
Q

visceral pericardium / epicardium

A

most outer layer, touching organ

72
Q

pericardial cavity

A

pericardial fluid / serous fluid
( reduce friction )

73
Q

parietal pericardium

A

transitional layer

74
Q

fibrous pericardium

A

anchors heart, protects / prevent overfilling

anatomy (10 decks)

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