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cardiac anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

normal metabolic needs for the body is supplied by …

A

interaction ❤️ great vessels ( aorta / pulmonary artery) , capillaries & veins

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2
Q

primary function ❤️

A

supply adequate energy > delivery oxygenated blood & substrate metabolizing tissue & removes carbon dioxide

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3
Q

arteries

A

blood away from ❤️

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4
Q

veins

A

blood back to ❤️

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5
Q

aorta : great vessel

A

conducts blood > Lt vent > peripheral arteries

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6
Q

peripheral arteries

A

transports oxygenated blood > aorta > various tissue : body

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7
Q

arterioles

A

last branch : arterial system / acts > control valves by releasing blood > capillaries

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8
Q

venules

A

veins collect blood > capillaries

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9
Q

veins

A

blood > peripheral tissue : ❤️

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10
Q

heart ❤️

A

muscular organ > pumps blood throughout blood vessels : body

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11
Q

what is the property : ❤️

A

automaticity > contracts / relax itself on its own

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12
Q

location : ❤️

A

thorax ( chest ) > b/w 2 lungs, space = mediastinum
- lies 2/3 : midline w/ apex : ❤️ toward Lt hip

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13
Q

most anterior chamber

A

Rt ventricle

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14
Q

most posterior chamber

A

Lt atrium

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15
Q

most dominant chamber

A

Lt vent

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16
Q

apex

A

blunt , rounded bottom
- anteriorly / Lt : towards pt hip

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17
Q

base

A

under 2 ribs, widest portion
- posteriorly / rt

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18
Q

crux

A

area : 4 chamber meets posteriorly
- internally crux > interventricular / interaterial septum meet

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19
Q

Lt vent meets … , aka:

A

lungs , oblique margin

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20
Q

Rt vent meets …, aka:

A

diaphragm, acute margin

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21
Q

cardiac motion

A

❤️ contracts : moves downwards (base > apex) , twist counterclockwise moves anteriorly during vent systole (contraction)

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22
Q

how many chamber in ❤️ ?

A

4

2 pumping chamber = ventricle
2 receiving chamber = atrium

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23
Q

ventricle

A

lower chambers
Separate > interventricular septum

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24
Q

atrium

A

upper chamber
separate > interaterial septum

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25
Rt atrium receives ... blood from .... deliveres blood > ...
oxygen poor, svc,Ivc & cs Rt vent
26
Lt atrium receives ... blood from ... delivers blood > ...
oxygen rich, lungs ( 4 pulmonary veins) Lt vent
27
Non functional valves
Eustachian valve Thebesian valve
28
trabeculae carneae location :
thick muscle band along inner wall : ventricle
29
chordae tendineae originates :
strong fibrous cord tip : papillary muscle > tip : atrioventricular valves
30
papillary muscles Location :
both ventricle below atrioventricular valves
31
Rt vent inflow tract
tricuspid valves annular, tricuspid valve leaflet,, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle ( around TV)
32
Rt vent outflow tract
extends cephalad/ leftward from anterior medial portion : Tv > pulmonic valve annulus
33
Rt vent apex
heavily trabculated especially comparison > Lt vent
34
moderator band
muscle band > extends rt vent free wall > Ivs / carries conduction system Rt bundle branch * considered normal variant > may not be seen in all pt
35
Lt vent
thickest chamber ❤️ 75% ❤️ total mass pumps oxygenated blood > body ( ascending aorta)
36
Lt vent inflow
Mitral valve, MV leaflets, chordae tendineae, 2 papillary muscle, myocardium
37
Lt vent apex
Lt vent : dominantly forms apex : ❤️
38
Lt vent outflow
extends > Mv annulus > Av annulus
39
valves
4 functional valve > human ❤️
40
cardiac valve
maintain undirection flow b/w chamber / great vessel
41
atrioventricular
b/w atrium / vent
42
semilunar valve
b/w vent / great vessel
43
how many semilunar valve ?
2
44
Rt side, location : SL valve name
b/w Rt vent / pulmonary artery pulmonic valve
45
Lt side, location : SL valve name
b/w Lt vent / ascending aorta aortic valve
46
aortic valve
maintains unidirectional flow > Lt vent > ascending aorta
47
what is the circulation of aortic valve ?
systemic circulation
48
pulmonary valve
maintains unidirectional flow > Rt vent > pulmonary artery
49
what is the circulation of pulmonary valve ?
pulmonary circulation
50
how many cups does SL have ?
3
51
aortic valve > Lt side cusps
Rt coronary Lt coronary non coronary
52
pulmonic valve Rt side cups
Anterior Lt Rt
53
Atrioventricular valve
b/w atrium / vent
54
Rt AV valve has 3 cups
tricuspid valve
55
Tricuspid valve
maintains unidirectional flow b/w Rt atrium / Rt vent
56
Lt AV valves has 2 cups
Mitral valve
57
mitral valve
Maintains 1 way flow b/w Lt atrium / Lt ventricle
58
Rt side ❤️ Rt atrium receives blood >
bodies deoxygenated blood > svc, Ivc, cs
59
Rt side ❤️ Rt ventricle receives blood >
Rt atrium ( Tv), AV valve > Rt side
60
Rt side ❤️ RVIT marked >
AV valve ( Tv)
61
Rt side ❤️ RVOT marked >
SL valve ( pulmonic valve )
62
Lt side ❤️ Lt atrium receives blood >
newly oxygenated blood ( 4 pulmonary veins )
63
Lt side ❤️ Lt vent receives blood >
Lt atrium ( Mv) AV valve > Lt side
64
Lt side ❤️ LVIT marked >
AV valve ( Mv)
65
Lt side ❤️ LVOT marked >
SL valve : aortic valve
66
heart / root
great vessel lie within pericardial sac
67
visceral layer ( epicardium ) location how much fluid does it contain ?
very closely applied > ❤️ sits b/w parietal / visceral layers : pericardial cavity contains 50cc fluis
67
fibrous pericardium
limits movements : ❤️ > attaching central tendon : diaphragm below / outer coat : great vessel above
67
oblique sinus
free space created > pericardium wrapping around pulmonary veins
68
transverse sinus
free space created > pericardium wrapping around base : great vessel
69
endocardium
most inner layer lining cavities / valve composed : endothelial cells ( lines chamber / valve )
70
Myocardium
thick, muscular heart responsible > heart - pumping mechanism adipose tissue > fitted b/w myocardium / next layer
71
visceral pericardium / epicardium
most outer layer, touching organ
72
pericardial cavity
pericardial fluid / serous fluid ( reduce friction )
73
parietal pericardium
transitional layer
74
fibrous pericardium
anchors heart, protects / prevent overfilling

echo notes (10 decks)

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