carbonyl compounds

Question 1

what is a carbonyl compound

Answer 1

contains a c=o bond

Question 2

tollens reagent

Answer 2

.aldehydes react with it to produce a silver mirror as Ag+ is reduced to Ag as the aldehyde is oxidised to a carboxylic acid

.nothing happens with ketones

Question 3

aldehydes and ketones

Answer 3

.react with 2,4 DNPH to form yellow ppt from an orange-red solution

.melting point of the 2,4 DNPH ppt is used to idenify the carbonyl compound

Question 4

aldehyde with NaBH4 –>

Answer 4

primary alcohol

Question 5

ketone with NaBH4 –>

Answer 5

secondary alcohol

Question 6

aldehyde/ketone with NaBH4/HCN mechanism

Answer 6

.draw arrow from H- lone pair to C with the aldehyde/ketone
.make C and O delta plus/negative
.draw arrow from C=O double bond to O

.draw a water molecule
.remove one bond from the C=O and form a C-H bond
.draw a arrow from the lone pair on the O- to the H on the water
.draw a arrow on the H-O bond in water to the O

.draw the primary/secondary alcohol

.for HCN swap H- with CN- and the H2O with H+