Carbohydrates

Question 1

Monosaccharides - Name the three main Hexose sugars and their molecular formula.

Answer 1

The three main hexose sugars are α & β Galactose, Fructose and Glucose. Their molecular formula is C6 H12 O6.

Question 2

What is a condensation Reaction?

Answer 2

A chemical reaction in which the joining of two organic compounds results in the production of water

Question 3

What is a Hydrolysis Reaction?

Answer 3

The process of splitting a compound into fragments with the addition of water

Question 4

What is the formula for monosaccharides?

Answer 4

The monosaccharides formula is Cn(H2)0n

Question 5

What is the formula for disaccharides?

Answer 5

The disaccharides formula is C12 H22 011

Question 6

Name examples of disaccharides with what they are formed from.

Answer 6

Sucrose (glucose + fructose) Lactose (Glucose + galactose) Maltose (glucose+glucose)

Question 7

Monosaccharides Ratio of Carbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen

Answer 7

1:2:1

Question 8

Properties of Monosaccharides

Answer 8

Sweet tasting
Soluble in water
Release energy
osmotically active

Question 9

Properties of Disaccharides

Answer 9

monosaccharides Covalently bonded by a condensation reaction - may be reducing sugars eg maltose and lactose or non reducing eg sucrose

Question 10

what are the 2 main types of Polysaccharides

Answer 10

Starch and glycogen

Question 11

what is the function of glycogen and starch

Answer 11

glycogen - storage product in animals (heavily branched)

Starch- structural molecule in plants