Canada Flashcards
What was the State of Quebec like after the American War for Independence?
It had been part of the British Empire since the end of the 7 years War but 99% of its population were still French speaking.
10,000 British loyalists fled to it after losing the 13 colonies
Other colonies North of Quebec like Nova Scotia and Newfoundland had their own governors but were ruled directly from London
What happened to Quebec in 1791?
It was divided in two with the western portion becoming Upper Canada (English) and the eastern portion became Lower Canada (French)
This was done to separate the settlers who, due to cultural differences such as religion, were beginning to come into conflict with each other.
What’s significant about the War of 1812?
Lower Canada didn’t want to support the US in pushing back the British Empire
This was because Lower Canada were monarchists and followed the feudal system so weren’t going to support the antimonarchists US
Also they weren’t completely against the Empire as the France they had left behind was completely different
What was significant about the Great Reform Act Of 1832 for Canada?
The French Canadians would want a reform but the British wouldn’t do it as they had other things to focus on
What did the Howick Act do?
- Transferred the revenues from the duties to the assemblies, in return the British expected they would agree to the Civil List
- The French Canadians didn’t care about the money they just wanted more equal representation
What was the difference between the legislative assembly and the executive council?
Legislative assembly were French
Executive council were British
Who were the Whigs?
A political party who wanted constitutional monarchism and opposed absolute monarchy
What was the idea behind the Durham report?
Union of Upper and Lower Canada, to crate a system in which colonial governments were made responsible to the electorate instead of the government/Crown. The reform would reduce the power of the Family Compact, stimulate colonial development, strengthen the imperial connection with Britain and minimise American influences in the colony.
What were Durham’s 3 recommendations?
- Unification Of Upper/Lower Canada
- A Responsible Self-Government
- Freedom granted to the French-Canadians under the Quebec Act
When was Upper and Lower Canada united?
•1841
What was the impact of the Durham Report on the Empire?
- Responsible self Government was adopted by all the white settler colonies in the following 20 years
- Removed the possible threat of American republicanism spreading north of the border
What was the name given to the act that created the separate provinces of Upper and Lower Canada?
Constitutional Act of 1791
In Upper Canada which group effectively controlled the executive council?
Family Compact
In Upper Canada how did the government raise money for investment instead of increasing taxes?
The Canada Company began selling land
What was the Quebec Act?
- 1774
- Gave French Canadians complete religious freedoms and restored the French form of civil law
