C1 Flashcards
Something that contains carbon and hydrogen only is called a…?
Hydrocarbon
Name two alkanes
Ethane, methane
What does saturated mean?
Every bond is full- no double bonds
What group is carbon in on the periodic table?
4
How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
4
How can long chain hydrocarbons be made into useful shorter chain hydrocarbons?
Cracking (from crude oil to smaller hydrocarbons is fractional distillation)
Name two methods for extracting vegetable oils
Pressing, distillation
How can you test for the presence of a double bond?
Alkenes turn bromine water from orange to colourless
What two conditions are needed for hydration?
100•C +
acid catalyst
What two conditions are needed for hydrogenation?
60•C
Nickel catalyst
Give one use for vegetable oils
Cooking, biodiesel
What does hydrophilic mean?
Attracts water
What does hydrophobic mean?
Repels water
What two things must an emulsifier have to work?
1 hydrophilic end and 1 hydrophobic end
Name the thickest part of the earth’s structure
Mantle
What process heats the mantle creating convection currents?
Radioactive decay
What do convection currents in the mantle cause?
Continental drift
What two hazards might you face if you live on a plate boundary?
Volcanoes and earthquakes
What gas occupies the largest percentage of the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
How can you separate out the gases in the air?
Condensing then fractional distillation
Name two ways the atmosphere has changed since the early earth atmosphere
Less carbon dioxide more oxygen
Name two stores of carbon
Fossil fuels and sedimentary rock
What does carbon neutral mean?
Take in and release the same amount of carbon dioxide
How do humans contribute to the disruption of the carbon cycle?
Deforestation, pollution
What process stores carbon in living organic matter?
Photosynthesis
