British Depth Study

Question 1

Who is an immigrant?

Answer 1

An immigrant is someone who goes to live permanently in a foreign country.

Question 2

What is feminism?

Answer 2

Feminism is the promotion of women’s rights on the grounds of the equality of the sexes.

Question 3

Who is a teenager?

Answer 3

A person between the ages of 13 and 19.

Question 4

What year was the Beverage report commissioned? By Who?

Answer 4

1942 by Sir William Beveridge.

Question 5

What were the ‘five giant evils’ that the Beverage report identified?

Answer 5

Want, disease, squalor, ignorance and idleness.

Question 6

In 1945, which party government set out to solve the welfare issues with reforms?

Answer 6

The Labour government.

Question 7

What year was the Family Allowances Act?

Answer 7

1945.

Question 8

What year was the National Insurance Act?

Answer 8

1946.

Question 9

What year was the National Health Service Act?

Answer 9

1946.

Question 10

Give three effects that the War had on families and class relations.

Answer 10

The high numbers of absent fathers caused challenges for families, especially due to the fact that they were the main providers and the ones who disciplined their children. There was an increase in crime and delinquency. The working and middle class families learnt more about one another due to evacuees.

Question 11

Which two main groups of immigrants came to Britain at the end of the Second World War? Why?

Answer 11

Refugees (1939-1945) to escape Nazi rule and Eastern Europeans (1946) to escape Communism.

Question 12

Give 5 reasons that the census is such a reliable source of information for historians.

Answer 12

It is enacted in law, an official document, from a specific time period, gives diverse information that can be cross referenced and is comparable as it is constant.

Question 13

Where and when did the Empire Windrush arrive?

Answer 13

The Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury in Essex on 22nd June 1948

Question 14

What happened at the Nottinghill riots of 1958?

Answer 14

Lots of Caribbeann immigrants lived in this area. The ‘Teddy boys’ of the area began to turn very hostile towards the immigrants living here and on 24th August nine white youths assaulted five black men in Nottinghill. After two weeks of civil unrest, rioting errupted and lasted a week. Crowds of up to 400 white youths attacked the Caribbeand with petrol bombs before the police restored order.

Question 15

What is a ‘Teddy boy’?

Answer 15

A teddy boy is a white working-class teen rebel influenced by rock’n’roll music from America and Edwardian fashion. The culture tended to be gang led and had a reputation for violence.

Question 16

Who was Aneurin Bevan?

Answer 16

Health minister in Attlee’s government.

Question 17

When did the NHS come in to operation?

Answer 17

July 1948.

Question 18

What did the National Health Service provide?

Answer 18

It provided medical treatment, in hospital, from a general practitioner (GP), free whenever needed.

Question 19

Give one of the problems of the NHS.

Answer 19

They were spending way more than expected. It was thought that by 1950, £140million would be spent but the reality was £358million.

Question 20

What percentage of general practitioners joined the NHS?

Answer 20

95%

Question 21

How many prescriptions were written in the first year alone?

Answer 21

187 million prescriptions.

Question 22

How many pairs of spectacles were issued in the first year alone?

Answer 22

8 million pairs of spectacles.

Question 23

What year was there a charge for false teeth and spectacles? Who decided?

Answer 23

1951. Hugh Gaitskell

Question 24

Why did Bevan resign from his position?

Answer 24

Bevan believed in the right to free health and so after the charges for certain parts of the NHS came in to play in 1951, he resigned.

Question 25

Give two reasons why we get the introduction of teenage culture in society.

Answer 25

One is that from the mid 1950s, there is more disposable income to be spent on leisure, fashion and technology. The other is that there were lots of advertisers telling the young population that there was a need to be different.

Question 26

Why do teens feel the need to spend when they get a disposable income?

Answer 26

After the austerity of the second world war.

Question 27

Why do all the new trends come from America?

Answer 27

America gained lots of money as a result of the war.

Question 28

What were some of the things that America influenced?

Answer 28

Style of music (Rock’n’Roll), Music heroes (Elvis Presley), Fashion and technological advances.

Question 29

What were the three main subculture groups representative of different styles of the young generation?

Answer 29

Mods, rockers and hippies were three main subculture groups that represent different styles of the young generation.

Question 30

What year was the Butler Education Act?

Answer 30

1944

Question 31

What did the Butler Education Act say?

Answer 31

It guaranteed females the right to a secondary education. Ensured women teachers could not be sacked if they married. Set up ‘good education’ for girls especially at Grammar Schools.

Question 32

In which decade were 1/3 of undergraduates women?

Answer 32

1960s

Question 33

The 1960s was the growth of which female movement?

Answer 33

The Feminist movement.

Question 34

What did Enoch Powell announce in 1961?

Answer 34

That the contraceptive pill could be subscribed at a subsided rate by the NHS.

Question 35

In what year did it become illegal to have an abortion in the UK?

Answer 35

1968

Question 36

When was the Divorce Reform Act passed? When did it become law?

Answer 36

1969, 1971

Question 37

What grounds could you get a divorce on in 1971?

Answer 37

Adultery, cruelty, desertion (after two years), mutual consent or after 5 years if only one person wants the divorce.

Question 38

What year was the Equal Pay Act passed and when was it enacted?

Answer 38

1970, 1975.

Question 39

What did the Sexual Discrimination Act do?

Answer 39

It protected both men and women on the grounds of sexual discrimination. The Act was mainly applied to employment, training, education, harassment and the provision of goods and services.

Question 40

When was the women’s liberation movement the strongest?

Answer 40

Towards the end of the 1960s an early 70s.

Question 41

Who published a book entitled ‘the female eunuch’?

Answer 41

Germaine Geer