Brain

Question 1

primary fuel for brain

Answer 1

glucose

Question 2

medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain are all part of the

Answer 2

brainstem

Question 3

the brainstem contains what cranial nerves

Answer 3

CN 3-12

Question 4

diencephalon structures

Answer 4

-thalamus
-hypothalamus
-posterior pituitary
-pineal gland

Question 5

relay between cranial nerves, communcaiiton between brain and body

Answer 5

thalamus

Question 6

control hormones, body temp, hunger, thirst, sleep

Answer 6

hypothalamus

Question 7

posterior pituitary

Answer 7

ADH and oxytocin

Question 8

produces serotonin and melatonin, sleep wake cycles

Answer 8

pineal gland

Question 9

hippocampus and amygdala are part of the _______ system

Answer 9

limbic

Question 10

supports emotions, behaviors, motivation, long term memory

Answer 10

limbic system,

Question 11

parts of the basal ganglia

Answer 11

1. stratum
2. substantia nigra
3. nucleus accumbens

Question 12

-connected with thalamus and cerebral cortex
-associated with voluntary motor control, learning, cognition, emotions

Answer 12

basal ganglia

-movement condition- Parkinsons, Tourettes

Question 13

4 lobes of the brain

Answer 13

1.frontal- executive function, thinking, behavior, memory
2. partial- integrate sensory info, numbers, touch, visual spcial
3. temporal- language, new memories, sensory
4. occipital- primary visual cortex, eyes

Question 14

motor cordination

Answer 14

crebellum

Question 15

joins L and R hemispheres of brain

Answer 15

corpus collosum

Question 16

Layers of the meninges (outer to inner)

Answer 16

1. Dura matter
2. Arachnoid matter
   (subarachnoid space)
3. Pia matter (delicate)

Question 17

the CSF is contained where

Answer 17

subarachnoid space (between Pia and arachnoid matter)

Question 18

CSF is produced by

Answer 18

choroid plexuses

Question 19

protective covering if an axon

Answer 19

myelin
-keep nerve signal strong

Question 20

what cells provide myelin for peripheral nervous system

Answer 20

Schwann cells

Question 21

what cells myleniate axons of CNS

Answer 21

oligodendrocytes (“the jelly rolls”)

Question 22

myelinated axons are the white or gray matter

Answer 22

white matter

Question 23

process where nerve impulse jumps from one nerve of rainier to anoutnber

Answer 23

saltatory conduction

Question 24

what maintains cellular concentration of ions across the membrane

Answer 24

sodium potassium ion pump

Question 25

for every __ sodium ions pumped out, ___ potassium ions enter

Answer 25

for every 3 sodium ions pumped out, 2 potassium ions enter

Question 26

T/F
action potentials are all or nothing

Answer 26

true!

Question 27

which nerves exit the CNS to stiumular muscles or glands

Answer 27

efferent nerves
(efferent… exit)

Question 28

efferent nerves are also called

Answer 28

motor neurons

Question 29

efferent nerves work with what part of the spinal cord

Answer 29

ventral horn

Question 30

carry impulse from the body to the CNS

Answer 30

afferent nerves
-afferent… arrives

Question 31

afferent nerves work with what part of the spinal cord

Answer 31

dorsal

Question 32

originate in the brainstem or the motor region of the cerebral cortex

Answer 32

upper motor neuorns

Question 33

start in the spinal cord and branch and innervate muscle cells

Answer 33

Lower motor neurons

Question 34

where the axons of an lower motor neuron terminated on a muscle fiber

Answer 34

neuromuscular junction

Question 35

what substance triggers depolarization of the muscle cell membrane

Answer 35

acetylcholine

Question 36

There are___ PAIRS of spinal nerves

Answer 36

31

Question 37

there are ___ PAIRS of cervical nerves

Answer 37

8 pairs

Question 38

where does the spinal cord end

Answer 38

between L1 and L2