Bordetella pertussis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the morphology of Bordetella pertussis?

A

Cocco bacilles à Gram -

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2
Q

What type of bacteria is Bordetella pertussis?

A

Bactérie stricte de l’homme

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3
Q

What disease does Bordetella pertussis cause?

A

C’est l’agent de la coqueluche

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4
Q

How is Bordetella pertussis transmitted?

A

Transmission interhumaine directe par les gouttelettes de mucus rejetées lors des quintes de toux

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5
Q

What is the epidemiology of whooping cough?

A

La maladie survient sous forme de petites épidémies sur un fond endémique

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6
Q

Is whooping cough a notifiable disease?

A

Maladie à déclaration obligatoire

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7
Q

Who does whooping cough affect?

A

La maladie atteint l’enfant non vacciné et l’adulte

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8
Q

What are the virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis?

A

Pilis agglutinogènes, Hémagglutinine filamenteuse, Toxines : pertussique, thermo labile, adénylate cyclase

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9
Q

What is the entry point of Bordetella pertussis?

A

Entrée : rhinopharynx

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10
Q

What is the incubation period for whooping cough?

A

Incubation : 7 à 10 jours

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11
Q

What occurs during the catarrhal phase of whooping cough?

A

Phase catarrhale : 1 à 2 semaines (rhinorrhée et toux sèche → contagiosité++)

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12
Q

What characterizes the state phase of whooping cough?

A

Phase d’état : quintes de toux évoquant le « chant de coq »

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13
Q

What happens to the ciliated cells in the bronchial epithelium during infection?

A

Les bactéries se fixent sélectivement sur les cellules ciliés de l’épithélium bronchique où elles se multiplient sans pénétrer dans la muqueuse

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14
Q

What is the result of the inflammatory response in whooping cough?

A

L’atteinte inflammatoire est due à l’action de la toxine

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15
Q

What type of immunity follows whooping cough?

A

La coqueluche est suivie d’une immunité solide et durable : anticorps protecteurs de la classe des IgA

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16
Q

What are some rare infections associated with Bordetella pertussis?

A

Autres infections rares : Encéphalopathie, Broncho-pneumopathie

17
Q

What is the direct diagnostic method for Bordetella pertussis?

A

Prélèvements : aspiration des mucosités nasopharyngées ou bronchiques

18
Q

When should samples be taken for diagnosis?

A

Les prélèvements doivent être précoces au cours de la première semaine car dès l’apparition des quintes de toux, l’excrétion bactérienne diminue

19
Q

What is the sensitivity of Gram staining for Bordetella pertussis?

A

La coloration de Gram est peu sensible

20
Q

What is a rapid diagnostic method for Bordetella pertussis?

A

Diagnostic rapide : Par PCR = la bactérie peut être mise en évidence par amplification génique

21
Q

What is the antibiotic resistance profile of Bordetella pertussis?

A

Résistance naturelle à la pénicilline G

22
Q

What antibiotics are regularly active against Bordetella pertussis?

A

Les antibiotiques régulièrement actifs sont l’érythromycine et les cyclines

23
Q

What is the purpose of chemoprophylaxis for Bordetella pertussis?

A

Chimio-prophylaxie : Par l’érythromycine chez les sujets contacts non vaccinés

24
Q

What types of vaccines are available for whooping cough?

A

Deux vaccins existent : Vaccin tué et Vaccin acellulaire

25
Q

What are the characteristics of the killed vaccine for whooping cough?

A

Vaccin tué : à base de bactéries tuées complètes, efficace mais peut donner des réactions secondaires, fait partie du PNI

26
Q

What are the characteristics of the acellular vaccine for whooping cough?

A

Vaccin acellulaire : ne contient que certains constituants de la bactérie, mieux toléré mais moins efficace