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Chemistry > Bonding > Flashcards

Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a negative ion

A

an anion

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1
Q

What are simple ions

A

Atoms with a charge

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2
Q

what is a positive ion

A

a cation

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3
Q

Which groups lose electrons

A

1, 2, 3

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4
Q

which groups gain electrons

A

5, 6, 7

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5
Q

what is the formula for ammonium

A

NH4 +

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6
Q

what is the formula for hydroxide

A

OH -

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7
Q

what is the formula for nitrate

A

NO3 -

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8
Q

what is the formula for sulfide

A

S 2-

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9
Q

what is the formula for sulfate

A

SO4 2-

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10
Q

what is the formula for carbonate

A

CO3 2-

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11
Q

what is the formula for nitride

A

N 3-

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12
Q

what is the formula for hyrogen carbonate

A

HCO3 -

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13
Q

describe the transfer of electrons

A
  • a metal and non-mental react together to gain full outer shells
  • metal forms a positive ion and non-metal forms a negative ion
  • the ions are strongly attracted by electrostatic attractions
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14
Q

What is the structure like on an ionic compound

A

they are closely packed in a 3D lattice arrangement

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15
Q

define ionic bonding

A

Electrostatic attraction betwenn positive and negative ions

16
Q

What is the melting point like in an ionic bond

A

high because the strong bond needs a lot of energy to break

17
Q

Can ionic bonds conduct

A

only when molten or dissolved in a solution so the ions can move to carry a charge

18
Q

Define metallic bonding

A

electrostatic attraction between rows of metal cations and a sea of delocalised electrons

19
Q

what is the melting point like in metallic bonding

A

High meling point because the bonds require lots of energy to break

20
Q

Can metallic bonds conduct

A

Yes as a solid and liquid becuase the delocalised electrons can flow to carry a charge

21
Q

Where are the bonds in covalent bonds

A

Covalent bonds between atoms and weak intermolecular forces between molecules

22
Q

What is the melting point like in a covalent bond

A

Low melting point because the weak intermolecular forces require little energy to break

23
Q

Do covalent bonds conduct

A

no becuase there are no free moving charged particles

24
Q

Define covalent structures

A

electrostatic attraction between the pair of bonding electrons and bonded nuclei

25
Q

What is the melting point like of giant covalent stuctures

A

very high melting poing becuase the strong covalent bonds require lots of energy to break

26
Q

Do giant covalent structures conduct

A

no but graphite does because of its delocalised electrons

27
Q

Why are metallic stuctures malleable

A

because the layer of positive ions slide

28
Q

What are the three giant covalent structures

A
  • diamond
  • graphite
  • sand
29
Q

define the term malleable

A

the metal can be shaped

30
Q

what is C60 fullerene

A

a simple molecular structure

31
Q

desribe C60 fullerne molecules

A

hollow spheres make up of 60 carbon atoms

32
Q

How is diamond made up

A

network of carbon atoms that form four covalent bonds

33
Q

describe the formation of C60 fullerene

A

molecules are hollaw spheres made up of 60 carbon atom

34
Q

how are the carbon atoms in C60 fullerene held togethere

A

intermolecular forces = can slide = soft

35
Q

does C60 fullerene have a delocalised electron

A

yes

36
Q

what is strange about the delocalised electron in C60 fullerene

A

it cannot move between the molecules so it is a poor conducter of electricity and heat

Chemistry (15 decks)

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