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boards 8 Flashcards

1
Q

how to splint achilles

A

equinus splint- 20 degrees

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2
Q

2 diastolic mrmurs

A

mitral stenosis and AI

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3
Q

which alcohol ingetstin has calcium oxylate crystals in urine

A

ethylene glycol

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4
Q

gold standard to dx myocarditis

A

myocardial biopsy

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5
Q

difference between transient synovitis and Legg calves perthe

A

recent viral illness - both have trouble walking on hip

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6
Q

test to see bile leak post chole

A

HIDA

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7
Q

holosystoolic murmur that radiates to base

A

acute MR

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8
Q

crescendo decresencdo murmur

A

AS

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9
Q

elevated osmolar gap > 10 causes

A

toxic EtOH, keto/lactic acidosis, CKD

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10
Q

this alcohol is metab to ketones and hchanges the OSM but not the anion gap

A

isopropyl

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11
Q

anion gap acdosis and OSM Gap Alchols

A

ethylene glycol (oxylaic) and methanol (formic acid)

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12
Q

dx cushings

A

inc 24 hours urine cortisol

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13
Q

elevated 24 hours 5oh indolacetic acid

A

carcinoid syndrome, flushign wheezing diarrhea pellagra

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14
Q

24 hour elevated urinar fracinnated metanephiirnes

A

pehochromocytoma

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15
Q

dialysis indication for lithium

A

> 5, CKD, AMS

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16
Q

treatment of erythema multifoorme

A

coritcosteroids

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17
Q

location for cric

A

inferiro to thyroid supeiror to cricoid

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18
Q

ototoxic drugs

A

gent/tobra, lasix/carbo/cisplatin

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19
Q

class 1, 2, 2, III of evidence

A

1- benefit&raquo_space;» risk, 2, reasonable, 2b consider, benefit equalt o risk, III risk greater tan benefit

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20
Q

san fram syncope CHESSS

A

CHF, HCT < 30, EKG abn, SOB, systolic <90

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21
Q

hyperpigmentation, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

A

addisons, AI, tx hydrocortisone

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22
Q

complication of RSV in kids

A

apnea

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23
Q

what to check on patella fx

A

extensor mechinism SLR

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24
Q

complication of burkitts lymphone and cause, labs

A

spontaneous lysis, EBC, LDH and uric acid elevated

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25
Q

how to test for axillary N

A

sensation over lateral aspcect of shoulder

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26
Q

dementia with hallucinations

A

lewy body

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27
Q

rapid dementia, myoclonus, multiple neuro sxs

A

Prion CJD

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28
Q

etioloyg of mehthemembelgobin

A

oxidized from fe 2 to fe3+, fe cant bind o2, doenst imrpove with o2, chocolate brown blood- tx methlene blue - cause depsone, inhaled amyl nitrate, antimalairials, benzocaine

29
Q

cause of tumors causeing hypercalcemia, hyponatremia

A

PTHRp and SIADH

30
Q

mcc location osteosarcoma in kids

A

distal femur, lytic, sunburst

31
Q

warfarin blocks whic factors

A

II VII XI X C s- reverse with vit k FPP PCC

32
Q

reverse enoxaparin

A

protamine sulfate

33
Q

vag infxn, white, ph < 4.5, no amine with KOH, pseudohyphae

A

candida

34
Q

vag infxn green yellow frothy, Ph >5, postiive amine with KOH

A

Trichomonas

35
Q

vag with >4.5 ph, potitve amine KOH, clue cells

A

BV

36
Q

pentad for TTP

A

cNS, renal, hemolytic aneimia, TCP - similar to HELLP, tx PLASMA ECHANGE PHERESIS

37
Q

child with abd pain, bloody stool non blacnhing rash, HSM, sluggish cap refill, ARF

A

HUS

38
Q

acute renal failure, TCP, anemia (MIHA)

A

shiga toxin of ecoli

39
Q

n v blood diarrhea in kid with TCP anemia oliguria seziures

A

HSU- e coli enterocolitis - 50% require dialysis

40
Q

pansystolic murmur louder during inspiration

A

tricuspid regurg- casuess JVD, distringuishes from MR by inspiration

41
Q

cause of mitral valve prolapse

A

myxomatous degen

42
Q

seizure cause during a deep dive

A

oxygen toxicity

43
Q

infalmmation fo glans of penis frmo candida

A

balanitis

44
Q

neonate with lip smacking, eye deviation, staring, blinking, bicycling

A

neonatal seizure, tx phenobarb, full septic work up

45
Q

mcc seizure neonate

A

withdrawal from mother

46
Q

valproic acid tox- n v ams hyperammonia tx?

A

activated charcoial

47
Q

heinz bodies, bite cells on smear, x linked recessive

A

g6pd

48
Q

causes of g6pd

A

antimalarials, sulfa, nitrofurantoin, fava, infection- Asian/AA - cant make NADPH- no gluthaionte to destroy free radicals- oxidative stres and hemolytic anemia

49
Q

tx malignant hyperthemia of pheochromocytoma

A

phentoalmine and bb locker

50
Q

mcc solid tumro in kids

A

wilms tumor- nephroblastoma- WAGR- wilms, aniriida, GU, RETARD

51
Q

cause of bullous pemphigoid

A

autoab against BM

52
Q

b1 vs b2 agonisteffects

A

b1- chrono/ino, b2 bronchodil

53
Q

low calciu, high phos, recent surgery

A

hypoPTH- low PHT- chovstek/troussue eigns

54
Q

mcc trausnfiosn rxn

A

febrile reaction

55
Q

when do you need irradiatd blood

A

GVHD - IC patients

56
Q

hemolytic transfuiosn rxn caused by what? tx?

A

abo incompat- stop, IVf, diuretics

57
Q

noncaseating granulomas, hilar adenopathy, hypercalcemia

A

sarcoidoisis- tx glucoccoirtoids, have elevated serum ACE, lupus pernio rahs on cheeks nose

58
Q

tx for thyoid storm

A

B blockers then thionamids (PTU) then iondine then glucocoerticoids then cholestyrpamine

59
Q

mcc head and neck tumor in kids

A

hodgkins- B sxs- Reed sternberg owl eeys- assn EBV

60
Q

MC hemopoetic neoplasm

A

non hodgkins- multiple periphera nodes, HIV/AI

61
Q

type 1 HYP

A

IGE, anaphylasixs- urticaria angioedema- 2 exposures

62
Q

type 2 HPY

A

cytotoxic IGG or IGM - complement AIHA , good pasterus

63
Q

type 3 HPY

A

Immune COMPLX- IGG IGM compleent - SE RA serum sickness

64
Q

type Iv HPY

A

cell mediated- delayed- t cells- dermatits, TB transplant

65
Q

reversible causes of dementia

A

depresison, hypothyroid, b12, hiv, neurosyph, OSA

66
Q

hematuria, HTN, periorbital edema

A

ppost strep GN- GABHS, mcc infectious acute GN

67
Q

infectios from rabbit, ulceroglandular

A

tularemia, tx steroptmycin

68
Q

tick born with spiking fever, RBC hemolysis, thick thins shows rings and tetrads

A

babeosis

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