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boards 13 Flashcards

1
Q

redness sparing ear lobe

A

perichondritis- pseudomonas - tx cipro

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2
Q

mc location of TM perf

A

pars tensa- inferior - early referral for penetraing trauma or poserior perforation - abx if infection or wate enntry

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3
Q

AOM drops or oral

A

drops

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4
Q

mcc AOM, mc bacterial

A

mcc virus, mc bcterial strep, also h flu, moraxllea

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5
Q

chornic TM perforation. keratin producing squamous epithelial overgrowth - tx?

A

cholestratoma, can destroy bones of inner ear, tx surgery

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6
Q

peripheral vertigo, lasts das to weeks, nausea, vomiting, worse with positonal changes, no hearing loss

A

vestibular neuritis (recent URI)

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7
Q

vestibular symptoms vertigo and hearing loss

A

labrythnthiis, infxn labrythn, ototox drugs , can have AOM, mastoiditis

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8
Q

vertigo hearing sxs and tiniitus

A

meineres- usually uniltaera- excess endolymph roductions, lasts hours

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9
Q

ototoxic drugs

A

AG, ertyhromycin, quinlons, nsiad, loop drugs, cisplatin, antimalarias

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10
Q

eighth nerve peripheral lesions

A

meningiomas, acoustic neuroma (schwannoma)

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11
Q

slow onsert vertigo, consistent, vertical nystagmus

A

centra vertigo

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12
Q

head and neck infections plus venous obstruction and ophthalmoplegia

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis- from dental extraction, sinusitis, periorbital celluliits,

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13
Q

eyelid edema, proptosis, conjuncitavl edema, facial edema, CN palsy, pupillary dysfxn and mydriasis

A

Cavernous sinus thrombosis

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14
Q

mc location salivary stone

A

submandibular

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15
Q

posterior cervical adenopathy, sore throat, fever

A

EBV mono, rash with amox

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16
Q

what drug can cause hyperplasia

A

pheytoin

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17
Q

what cancer causes gum hyperplasia

A

leukemia

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18
Q

cause of ANUG

A

fusobacteriaum and spirochetes

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19
Q

ANUG + tonsils and pharyxnx

A

vincents angina

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20
Q

IJ thrombosis with SCM swelling and septic emboli to lungs

A

lemierres - fusobacterium

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21
Q

kid fall with pencil in mouth

A

RPA, carotid

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22
Q

pharyngeal psuedomembrane- white plaque on tonsillar pillars

A

exotoxin from corynebacterum diptheriae- gram + bacilus- respiratory dropless transmission - cervical adenopathy- death due to myocarditis

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23
Q

treatment diptheria

A

antotoxin pus ertyrhymycin pcn and ppx abx

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24
Q

“croup” but toxic with high fever

A

bacterial trachieits

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25
Q

neck painwith moving thyroid cartilage

A

epiglottiitis- ENT, direct laryngoscopy - ceftraxine, oxygen

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26
Q

barking cough, 6mo to 6 yr, peark at 2 years

A

croup- laryngeotrachobrincotiis, paraflu- subglottic edema- tx racemic epi and dex

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27
Q

tx thrush

A

clotrimazole, fluconazole

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28
Q

white plaques on tongue that can be scraped or not be scaped

A

candida vs leukoplakia- cannot scrape - hx smoking, precancerous, need bx

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29
Q

herpangina

A

coxsackie- sudden high fever, sore throat, vesicles that rupture and become ulcers on soft palate, uvula, post pharynx

30
Q

child with central vs lateral neck mass

A

centrally- thyroglossal, laterally branch BRANCHIAL CLEFT lateral -

31
Q

hereditary angioedema - what mediates it, wahts tx, how inherited

A

AD, compliment 1 inhibitor deficiency - responds to FFP

32
Q

strawberry tongue, fever, sandpaper rash

A

Scarlet fever GABS- rash neck groin and accentuation over flexor creases PASTIA LINES- tx PCN

33
Q

can GN be prevented from strep throat using abx

A

no, but rheumatic fever can

34
Q

dermatomes to remember

A

c6 OK sign, T thorax- nipple t4, belly buttTON t10, inguinal LIg IL L1

35
Q

hypoglossal nerve

A

c12

36
Q

what aneurysm would cause dilated pupil

A

PCOM

37
Q

silvery plaques on extensor surfaces, pitting of nails

A

psoriasis, tx steroids, UV light, mtx

38
Q

fungus cause seborrheic dermatitis

A

malassezi furfur

39
Q

palpable vs non palpable purpura

A

palpable- vasculitis , nonpalpable platelet, TCP ,-

40
Q

angioedema swelling is mediated by what

A

bradykinin or famililal (c1 esterase inhibitor deficiency- leads to increased brady kinin- tx FFP and c1ei- AUTOSOMALL DOMINNAT

41
Q

erysipelas cause? feature? tx?

A

grp a strep- well demarceted, raised - tx dicloxacillin, pcn

42
Q

painful non ulcerattive nodules - inflammation of deep fat - presents on anterior tibia, arms trunn

A

EN - ertyema nodosum - resolveds 3-6 weeks

43
Q

EN is caused by what

A

drug rxn pcn sulfa OCP, TB funcal sarcoid IBD malignancy lymphoma leukemia -

44
Q

causes of EM- HYP rxn

A

infxn mycoplasma, herpes, SOAP- sulfa, oral hypogly, anticonvulsants, pcn- bulls eye r target lesions on palsm soles extensors

45
Q

SJS vs Em

A

SJS 10-30% tbsa, bulla, stomatitis, conjuntivitis - meds like sulfa pcn barb phenytoin thiazides

46
Q

TEN vs SJS

A

nikoslsky sign- > 30%, sheets of peeliing skin

47
Q

SSSS age? nikolsky? tx?

A

staph, <2, vanc, nikolsky +

48
Q

painful bullae, elderly paients, fragile blisters, nikolsky positive, can be oral

A

pemphigus vulgaris

49
Q

mc skin malignancy

A

basal cell- pearly rolled border with central ulceration, does not mets - slow growing on head-/hair

50
Q

hypopigmented patches

A

tinea versicolor- hypopigmented- malassezi - tx selenium, ketoconazole- assn with same as seborrhatiic dermatitis

51
Q

hawaii contaminated water, like rafting or swimming, hepatitis, neprhtiitis

A

leptospirosis, spirochete- rats cattle pigs dogs - can cause Weils - DIC - death frmom hepatorenal failure tx pen G, doxy

52
Q

ixodes ticks what reservoirs

A

borrelia burgdoferi spirochete - rodents rabbits deer- Rash Dissemintaed (neuro cardio) Arthritis (3 stages)

53
Q

dx lyme

A

ELISA scen, western blot - testing not sensitive in early rash - tx doxy

54
Q

treatment meningococcemia (not meningitis)

A

PCN, ppx cipro rifampin

55
Q

fever hypotension, diffuse, erytematous rash, organ failure

A

TSS - staph aureus

56
Q

fever, headahe, yalgias, petechiae, purpura from vasculitis - pink macules on wrists and anles

A

RMSF - rickettsia rickettsi - from tick - usually peds - SE US - cenntripeda rash - wrists ankles palms soles - spares face

57
Q

lab abn in RMSF? tx

A

tcp, hyponatermia, tx doxy

58
Q

spotless RMSF that causes leukopenia

A

Ehrlichiosis - maculopapular rash, also get TCP Hypona LFTs tx doxy

59
Q

tick borne disease in NE - causes malaria like sxs

A

babeiosis - intra RBC protozoan - fever chillsfatigue malaise - HSM jaundice- Peripheral smeal - parasits in RBCs - tx quinin plus clinda

60
Q

TORCH infxn

A

toxo, symphillis rubella cmv (MC) herpes

61
Q

MC fungal CNS infxn in HIV

A

crytococcal meningitis- india ink- crytpococal antigen- tx ampho B

62
Q

mc encephalitis in HIV

A

TOxo- ring enhaning- pyrhimethamine

63
Q

mc GI tract infxn hiv

A

oral candida

64
Q

purple painless non pruritic round lesions in HIV

A

kaposi

65
Q

small kid, umbilicated pink dome shaped papule

A

molluscum contagiousum- poxvirual also in HIV patients - transmision pools, sexual, auto innoculation - goes away on its own

66
Q

fever, pharngitis, atypical lymphocytosis , tcp

A

EBV- rash with amox

67
Q

trigger aplastic criis in sickle cell

A

erytjema infectiosum- 5th- slapped cheek - parvo b19

68
Q

hand foot mouth vs herpanigina

A

herpangina is posterior pharynx, HFM is anterior, buccal gums

69
Q

fever for 5 days and bilateral conjunctival injection, strawberryt ongue, cracked lip, swelling of fingers and toes, rash, enlarged cervical nodes

A

Kawasaki - vasculitis - coronary aneurysms, ASA IVIG

70
Q

3 day viral infxn fever sore throat headache- then rash that spreads from head to feet, prominent lymphadenopathy posterior auricular

A

Rubella - complications arthritis, encephalitis, 1st trimester pregnancy

71
Q

cough, conjuncitivits, fever, coryza (nasal congestion), lesionson buccal , rash on face that spreads to feet

A

rubeola- measels- complciation encephalitis

72
Q

high fever 3-4 days then a rashs with defreverze

A

roseaol infantum hhv 6- febrile sz- age 6-18 months

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