Board Review Flashcards
Everything
The ________ approach may be used in family therapy with a “here-and-now” focus that encourages change through growth experiences.
the experiential approach which focuses on the present and encourages change through growth experiences.
What rating scale or questionnaire is most often uses to follow the depression treatment response such as drug trials, ECT, and TMS?
the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)-first developed in 1960.
What type of medication is used to minimize unpleasant side effects and may improve therapeutic alliance in patients with schizophrenic patients?
antiparkinsonian medications
What percent of the population worldwide is affected by schizophrenia?
1%
What is four examples of positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
- hallucinations
- delusions
- disorganized speech
- behavior
- catatonic behavior
In order to diagnose schizophrenia, there must be ___ of the ____ symptoms for at least ___ months and include at least ___ month of positive and or negative symptoms. 1 of the 2 symptoms must be delusion, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.
must be 2 of the 5 symptoms; at least 6 months and include 1 month.
_______ gating is the ability to suppress information; people with schizophrenia are often part of various endophenotypes that process these stimuli abnormally, which may contribute to the disease.
sensory gating
Why does mirtazapine (Remeron) have less sexual side effects compared to other antidepressants?
blocks the 5HT-2A receptor
Should the dose of mirtazapine be prescribed high or low when the intention is to improve a patient’s appetite and/or sleep?
lower doses
What does mirtazapine (Remeron) have side effects like weight gain and sedation?
it is a potent histamine (H1) receptor antagonism
What is a common reason that patient develop obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)?
strategy to avoid punishment due to overprotective or over-controlling parents.
The ______ variable is the variable that is affected by the result of a manipulation or treatment.
dependent variable
What is the first-line treatment for stereotypies?
Behavioral treatment; then SSRIs
What is an appropriate dose of valproate for a hospitalized patient with significant manic symptoms?
20-30mg/kg
Where in the body is melatonin (a serotonin derivative) believed to underlie the sleep-wake cycle and may aid those suffering from jet lag and insomnia?
the pineal gland
Is melatonin safe to take if pregnant, nursing, or women trying to conceive?
no
Does childhood-onset schizophrenia have a BETTER or WORSE prognosis compared to adult-onset schizophrenia?
worse prognosis
After the first psychotic episode with patients with schizophrenia, ___% of patients will experience a benign course.
33%; vs. 66% relapse, fail to recover, or are hospitalized in the first 2 years.
Who founded evidence-based practice which helps national guidelines close the gap between research outcome and practice?
Professor Archibald Leman Cochrane in 1972.
What antidepressant has the greatest evidence of beneficial effect in patients with depressed mood and an eating disorder?
fluoxetine
Beside schizophrenia, what other disorder can now be associated with catatonia?
depressive disorders
What medication is an NMDA receptor antagonist?
Memantine
What is the relationship of alcohol and the CYP-450 system?
Acute or binge use of alcohol ingestion lowers the rate of drug metabolism and alcohol serves as an enzyme inhibitor.
What type of prevention is intended to keep a disease from occurring by removing its causes?
primary prevention
What is the percentage of women in a community setting with antisocial personality disorder?
1% of the population; however, it is much higher in the clinical setting
(3-30%).
