Blood Lab Flashcards
What type of equipment was used in lab to determine a RBC count of a sample?
Hemocytometer
What us the formula to determine the total # of RBC in 1 mm^3 of whole blood?
What is the normal RBC count for adult males vs females?
Males: 4.5-6.0 million per cubic mm (mm^3)
Females: 4.0-5.5 million/mm^3
What does the hematocrit determine?
-ratio of the volume of packed RBC to the total blood volume
What is the formula to determine the hematocrit?
What are the normal hematocrit levels of males and females?
Males: 47 (+-) 7%
Females: 42 (+-) 5%
What are the causes of anemia?
- abnormally low hemoglobin, hematocrit, or RBC count
- due to iron deficiency, Vit B12 and folic acid deficiencies, bone marrow disease, hemolytic disease, loss of blood through hemorrhage, or infections
What does the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) determine?
-relates the measurements of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC count to diagnose a specific type of anemia
What is the formula to determine the Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)?
What are the normal ranges for MCV in males and females?
82-92 cubic micrometers
What is blood typing?
Uses antibodies to determine which antigen is present on an RBC
What is an antibody?
Plasma protein that binds to a antigen
What is a antigen?
Molecule that elicits the immune response
What is agglutination and why is it important?
- when blood from a person mixes with plasma from another, and clump together due to a mismatch of blood types
- it’s important in determining the safety of transfusions
Explain the ABO blood type system
Type A blood
- produces type A antigens on surface of RBC - has Anti B antibodies in the blood plasma
Type B blood
- produces type B antigens on surface of RBC - has Anti A antibodies in the blood plasma
Type AB blood
- produces both Type A and B antigens on surface of RBC - has no antibodies in the blood plasma
Type O blood
- produces no antigens on surface of RBC - has both Anti A and Anti B antibodies in the blood plasma
