Blood Dyscrasias Dental Flashcards
What benign differential diagnosis often presents as “Gingivitis”?
Inflammatory, infectious
Anemias
Diabetes
What malignant differential diagnosis often presents as “Gingivitis”?
Leukemias
Lymphomas
What 3 things can affect bleeding tendencies pathologically?
1 - Platelet adhesion to damaged vascular walls and aggregation of platelets to one another
2 - Coagulation factor cascade and its fibrinolytic counterpart pathways
3 - Fragility of small vessel walls
Patient presents with cc: swollen painful gums for 3 months, slight weight loss and energy loss, no medications, bruises easily (ecchymoses), and WBC with 20,000 wit multiple blast forms. What does patient have?
Acute myelogenous leukemia
Patient has Kaposi’s Sarcoma. What is it associated with a lot of the time?
HIV
Due to HHV 8
Aredia, Zometa, Fosamax and Boniva are all types of what drug?
Bisphosphonates
What do bisphosphonates do for metastatic cancer to bone?
Lessens tumor growth (anti-angiogenesis)
Lessens demineralization (osteoclastic inhibition)
Lessents hypercalcemia (stones, arteriosclerosis)
Lessens bone metastases
Where do bisphosphonates bind and where does it target?
Binds to bone/calcium
Targets mandible and maxilla - active remodeling and other co-factors.
What are the oral signs and symptoms associated with anemias?
Signs: Tongue depapillation, atrophic mucosa, candidiasis
Symptoms: Burning, pain, xerostomia, dysgeusia, fatigue
What are the most common anemias?
Iron deficiency and pernicious anemia
If you think the gingivitis is due to infection what do you do to treat?
Optimal oral hygiene, antibiotics and mouth rinses
If you think the gingivitis is due to inflammation what do you do to treat?
Corticosteriods (topical, systemic)
If you think the gingivitis is due to anemia what do you do to treat?
complete blood count
If you think the gingivitis is due to leukemia what do you do to treat?
blood test, antibiotic, mouth rinse
If you think the gingivitis is due to lymphoma what do you do to treat?
biopsy
