Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BM330 microbiology > block a lec 1 > Flashcards

block a lec 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is binary fission

A

where 2 cells arise from 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

5 stages of binary fission

A

DNA replication
Cell elongation
Septum formation
Completion of septum with formation of distinct walls
Cell separation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

basic definition for binary fission

A

one chromosome to two daughter chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does DNA make

A

DNA makes RNA makes protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is transcription

A

the process by which DNA is copied to RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do ribosomes do

A

translate mRNA into proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

-ve supercoiling

A

turns removed from helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

+ve supercoiling

A

turns added to helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is supercoiling

A

breaking a strand and twisting it round

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what packs supercoils together

A

histone like proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do more coils in DNA mean

A

more coils= harder for RNA pol to cope= lower rate of transcription= less gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are supercoils introduced by

A

DNA gyrase
topoisomerase II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

topoisomerase I

A

removes -ve supercoils (relaxes DNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

topoisomerase IV

A

relaxes DNA and introduced +ve supercoils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does superhelicity of DNA effect

A

gene expression and DNA replicatioin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is ciprofloxacin

A

DNA gyrase inhibitor
fluroquinolone antibiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does it mean for DNA strands to be antiparallel

A

one runs 5’-3’ and other 3’-5’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what do proteins on DNA mainly interact with

A

major groove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how large is E.coli genome

A

4.64Mbp

20
Q

where on DNA are new bases added to

A

3’-OH group

21
Q

what direction is DNA synthesised in

A

5’-3’

22
Q

difference between leading and lagging strand

A

leading is replication continuously
lagging is discontinuously

23
Q

what is always required to initiate DNA synthesis

A

Short RNA primer to provide a 3’-OH group

24
Q

what does helicase do

A

unwinds DNA double strand

25
Q

what are the discontinuous fragments in DNA rep called

A

okazaki fragments

26
Q

what sits at the replication fork

A

replisome

27
Q

what shape of chr do most bacteria have and what is the exception

A

circular chr
streptomyces has linear

28
Q

what does DNA polymerase I do

A

removes excised primer

29
Q

what does DNA pol III do

A

proofreads in a 5’-3’ direction and fills in gaps

30
Q

what does DNA ligase do

A

seals the gaps between 3’-OH and 5’-PO

31
Q

what is different about bacteria replication forks

A

dual rep forks

32
Q

how long does Chr replication take

A

40 mins

33
Q

how long does it take for E.coli to double

A

20 mins

34
Q

where do the 2 replication forks meet in bacterial DNA rep

A

terminus

35
Q

what occurs after DNA rep in bacteria occurs

A

the 2 circular chr are linked like chains and need to be serparated

36
Q

what separates the 2 linked bacteria Chr

A

topoisomerase

37
Q

where are the origin and terminus in cell div. of E.coli

A

opposite poles of cell

38
Q

where does the origin move and where does the replication factory form in E.coli replication

A

mid cell

39
Q

where do the daughter origins move after chr has been replicated

A

1/4 and 3/4 position

40
Q

what forms at mid cell before septation

A

FtsZ ring

41
Q

what is the location of FtsZ ring facilitated by

A

Min proteins
Min C (Z ring inhibitor)
MinD
MinE

42
Q

FtsZ

A

initiates cell division and forms contractile ring

43
Q

FtsA

A

ATP hydrolysing protein, provides energy for divisome assembly

44
Q

ZipA

A

anchors Z-ring to cell membrane

45
Q

FtsI

A

penicillin binding protein
synthesises septal peptidoglycan

46
Q

FtsK

A

DNA translocase
pumps daughter chr into appropriate daughter cell

47
Q

role of topoisomerase IV

A

unlinks (decatanates) daughter chr

BM330 microbiology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions