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Methods3 > Block 10 > Flashcards

Block 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the image in BIO

A

Real, inverted and reversed

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2
Q

What do higher power lenses offer in BIO

A

Greater FOV and can aid with examining small pupils

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3
Q

The power of the condensing lens determines what 3 things

A

Working distance
Magnification
FoV

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4
Q

What lens power has greater mag: higher or lower power

A

Lower power (+14D has biggest mag)

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5
Q

Which lens power has the largest FoV: higher or lower power

A

Higher power (+30D)

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6
Q

Which power lens requires a greater working distance: higher or lower power

A

Lower power (+14D)

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7
Q

Mag of +30D lens

A

2x

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8
Q

Mag of +20D lens

A

3.25x

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9
Q

Mag of +14/15D lens

A

4.17x

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10
Q

FoV for +30D lens

A

60 degrees

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11
Q

FoV for +20D lens

A

40 degrees

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12
Q

FoV for +14/15D lens

A

30 degree

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13
Q

Stereo for +30 lens

A

1/2

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14
Q

Stereo for +20D lens

A

3/4

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15
Q

Stereo for +14/15D lens

A

1

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16
Q

Working distance from cornea for +30D lens

A

26 mm

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17
Q

Working distance from cornea for +20D lens

A

47mm

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18
Q

Working distance from cornea for +14/15D lens

A

72mm

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19
Q

Lens used to obtain a panoramic view when detail and stereo are not as important

A

+30D lens

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20
Q

Lens used with a small pupil

A

+30D

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21
Q

Most widely used lens

A

20D

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22
Q

Lens provides an adequate FoV, stereo and mag

A

20D

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23
Q

Lens most useful for detailed view of macular or optic disc

A

15D

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24
Q

Lens for determine elevation of retina in shallow retinal detachment

A

15D

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25
Q

Room lighting for BIO

A

Dark enough to achieve sufficient contrast

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26
Q

Do you start with the brightest light possible in BIO

A

No, wait until the pt is accustomed to it and then gradually turn it up

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27
Q

4 clinical pearls of BIO

A
  • dark room
  • avoid too much ambient lighting
  • dont begin with brightest light
  • have a sequential system
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28
Q

How long should you do BIO at a time to keep the patient comfy

A

= 30 seconds

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29
Q

Advantages of BIO

A
  • great for nystagmus
  • great for kids
  • portable
  • examine periphery
  • big FoV
  • stereo
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30
Q

Disadvantages of BIO

A
  • hard to learn
  • less mag (harder to see detail of lesions)
  • impossible with small pupils
  • uncomfortable for pts
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31
Q

Advantages of having a systematic approach for BIO

A
  • Minimize risk of overlooking

- aiding in the recall of the location of findings

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32
Q

Which part of retinal is examined first and why

A

Peripheral retinal to allow light adaptation

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33
Q

How many meridians do we examine

A

8

(SN, S, ST, T, IT, I, IN, N)

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34
Q

When laying down, how do you examine the meridian in question

A

Stand 180 degrees away

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35
Q

The fundus image viewed through the lens in

A

INVERTED and REVERSED

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36
Q

2 ways to indication the location of retinal lesions

A
  • clock hours

- distance in disc diameters

37
Q

Color coding fundus findings: retinal arterioles

A

Red

38
Q

Color coding fundus findings: retinal hemes

A

Red

39
Q

Color coding fundus findings: microaneurysm

A

Red

40
Q

Color coding fundus findings: attached retina

A

Red

41
Q

Color coding fundus findings: hole/break

A

Red

42
Q

Color coding fundus findings: retinal venules

A

Blue

43
Q

Color coding fundus findings: detached retina

A

Blue

44
Q

Color coding fundus findings: outline of break

A

Blue

45
Q

Color coding fundus findings: exudate

A

Yellow

46
Q

Color coding fundus findings: edema

A

Yellow

47
Q

Color coding fundus findings: vitreous opacity

A

Green

48
Q

Color coding fundus findings: vitreous bleed

A

Green

49
Q

Color coding fundus findings: pigmentation

A

Maroon

50
Q

Color coding fundus findings: detached choroid

A

Maroon

51
Q

Color coding fundus findings: ora serrata

A

Black

52
Q

Color coding fundus findings: drusen

A

Black

53
Q

Vitreoretinal chart: inner circle

A

Equator

54
Q

Vitreoretinal chart: middle circle

A

Ora serrata

55
Q

Vitreoretinal chart: region of ciliary processes

A

Outer circle

56
Q

Field of view with DO

A

5 degrees

57
Q

FoV with BIO

A

45-60 degrees

58
Q

Which type of heme looks like it is coming forward, but you can still see the retina through it

A

Preretinal heme

59
Q

Which type of heme can you not see through the vitreous

A

Vitreal heme

60
Q

3 things that can cause blockage of the view of the retina

A

Asteroid hyalosis
Vitreous heme
Dense cataracts

61
Q

Can you see to do a fundus exam if pt has a retinal detachment

A

Yes

62
Q

PVD-RT looks like what

A

Horse shoe tear

63
Q

Examination of the eye to look at the anterior chamber form the anterior part of the iris to the posterior part of cornea

A

Gonioscopy

64
Q

Do you do gonioscopy on all patients

A

On all glaucoma suspects and repeated periodically for narrow angle or angle closure glaucoma patients

65
Q

Angle on the 4 mirror lens

A

64 degrees

66
Q

Which gonioscopy lens do you use coupling solution with

A

3 mirror

67
Q

What are the 3 mirrors in the 3 mirror gonioscopy lens

A

Thumb rule

  • round = apical
  • square = peripheral
  • trapezoid = equatorial
68
Q

Degree of apical mirror

A

59 degrees

69
Q

Degree of peripheral mirror

A

67 degree

70
Q

Degree of the equatorial mirror

A

73 mirror

71
Q

Structure in the angle from posterior to anterior

A

CB
SS
TB
SL

72
Q

Deepest and most pigmented angle of the eye

A

Inferior

73
Q

If the iris is bowed forward, how do you look into the angle

A

Patient look into the mirror or tip the lens toward angle being examined

“Look over the hill”

74
Q

Are most eyes symmetrical

A

Yes

75
Q

Another way to examine the angle using the slit lamp

A

Van herrick test

76
Q

Van herrick test: grade 4

A

> /= corneal thickness

- wide open angle

77
Q

Van herrick test: grade 3

A

1/4 to 1/2 corneal thickness

- pretty open

78
Q

Van herrick test: grade 2

A

1/4 of the thickness

- ehhhhh

79
Q

Van herrick test: grade 1

A

<1/4 of the corneal thickness

- pretty closed

80
Q

Van herrick test: grade dangerously low

A

Slit

- very low

81
Q

Do normal vessels cross the scleral spur

A

No

82
Q

Does neovascularization cross the SS

A

Yes

83
Q

This type of gonioscopy is preformed in all glaucoma cases

A

Indentation gonioscopy

84
Q

If the SS is visible is the angle open or closed

A

Open

85
Q

If the SS is not visible but there is a synechiae seen on indentation gonioscopy

A

Grade the angle

- primary angle closure suspect

86
Q

If you dont see SS or synechiae and the IOP is raised

A

Primary angle closure (apposition)

87
Q

If you dont see SS or synechiae and the IOP is not raised

A

Primary angle closure suspect

88
Q

Is asteroid hyalosis usually unilateral or bilateral

A

Unilateral

10% bilateral

Methods3 (2 decks)

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