Biology Hormones

Question 1

What gland dispenses releasing and inhibiting factors?

Answer 1

Hyptothalamus

Peptide

Question 2

What gland targets the anterior pituitary and modifys its activity?

Answer 2

Hypothalamus

Question 3

Function of growth hormone?

Answer 3

Increase muscle and bone growth
Increase cell turnover rate

(Peptide)

Question 4

Target and function of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Answer 4

Thyroid

Increase synthesis and release of Thyroid hormone (TH)

(Peptide)

Question 5

Target, effect, and gland of prolactin?

Answer 5

mammary gland
milk production
Anterior pituitary

(Peptide)

Question 6

Target, effect, and gland of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Answer 6

Increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
Anterior pituitary

(Peptide)

Question 7

Target, effect, and gland of Lutenizing hormone (LH)?

Answer 7

Ovary – ovulation
Testes – testosterone synth
Gonadotropic

(Peptide)

Question 8

Target, effect, and gland of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

Answer 8

Ovary – follicle development
Testes – spermatogensis
Gonadotropic

(Peptide)

Question 9

Target, effect, and gland of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?

Answer 9

AKA: Vasopresin
Kidney
Water retention
Posterior pituitary

(Peptide)

Question 10

Target, effect, and gland of Oxytocin (OT)?

Answer 10

Breast – Milk letdown
Uterus – contraction
Posterior pituitary

(Peptide)

Question 11

Target, effect, and gland of Thyroid hormone (TH, Thyroxine)?

Answer 11

Child: Physical/Mental development
Adult: Increase temperature and Metabolic rate
Thyroid

(Modified amino acid)

Question 12

Target, effect, and gland of Calcitonin?

Answer 12

Bone and Kidney
Lowers blood levels of Calcium
Thyroid C-cells

(Peptide)

Question 13

Target, effect, and gland of Parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Answer 13

Bone, kidney, and small intestine
Increase blood levels of Calcium
Parathyroids

(Peptide)

Question 14

Target, effect, and gland of thymosin?

Answer 14

T-cell development during childhood
Thymus
CHILDREN ONLY

(Peptide)

Question 15

Effect and gland of Epinephrine?

Answer 15

Sympathetic stress response (Rapid)
Adrenal medulla

(Modified Amino Acid)

Question 16

Effect and gland of Cortisol (“Glucocorticoid”)?

Answer 16

Long-term stress response, Increase BGL and protein catabolism, decrease inflammation and immune system
Adrenal Cortex

(Steroid)

Question 17

Target, effect, and gland of Aldosterone (“Mineralcorticoid”)?

Answer 17

Kidney
Increase Na reabsorption –> increase B.P.
Adrenal cortex

(steroid)

Question 18

Effect, diabetes-interaction, and gland of Insulin?

Answer 18

Decrease: BGL
Increase:glycogen and fat storage
Secreted by Beta cells or pancreas
absent/ineffective in diabetes mellitus

(Peptide)

Question 19

Effect and gland of glucagon?

Answer 19

Increase: BGL
Decrease: glycogen and fat storage
Secreted by Alpha cells of pancreas

(Peptide)

Question 20

Target, effect, and gland of Somatostatin?

Answer 20

Inhibits many digestive processes
Secreted by Delta cells of pancreas

(Peptide)

Question 21

Target, effect, and gland of Testosterone?

Answer 21

Male characteristics
Spermatogenesis
Testes

(Steroid)

Question 22

Target, effect, and gland of Estrogen?

Answer 22

Female Characteristics
endometrial growth
Ovaries and placenta

(Steroid)

Question 23

Target, effect, and gland of Progesterone?

Answer 23

Endometerial secretion
Pregnancy
Ovaries and placenta

(Steroid)

Question 24

Target, effect, and gland of Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)?

Answer 24

Kidney
Increase urination –> decreased B.P.
Heart

(Peptide)

Question 25

Target, effect, and gland of Erythropoietin?

Answer 25

Bone marrow
Increase RBC synthesis
Kidney

(Peptide)