Biology Hormones Flashcards
What gland dispenses releasing and inhibiting factors?
Hyptothalamus
Peptide
What gland targets the anterior pituitary and modifys its activity?
Hypothalamus
Function of growth hormone?
Increase muscle and bone growth
Increase cell turnover rate
(Peptide)
Target and function of Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Thyroid
Increase synthesis and release of Thyroid hormone (TH)
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of prolactin?
mammary gland
milk production
Anterior pituitary
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal cortex
Anterior pituitary
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Lutenizing hormone (LH)?
Ovary – ovulation
Testes – testosterone synth
Gonadotropic
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?
Ovary – follicle development
Testes – spermatogensis
Gonadotropic
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?
AKA: Vasopresin
Kidney
Water retention
Posterior pituitary
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Oxytocin (OT)?
Breast – Milk letdown
Uterus – contraction
Posterior pituitary
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Thyroid hormone (TH, Thyroxine)?
Child: Physical/Mental development
Adult: Increase temperature and Metabolic rate
Thyroid
(Modified amino acid)
Target, effect, and gland of Calcitonin?
Bone and Kidney
Lowers blood levels of Calcium
Thyroid C-cells
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Bone, kidney, and small intestine
Increase blood levels of Calcium
Parathyroids
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of thymosin?
T-cell development during childhood
Thymus
CHILDREN ONLY
(Peptide)
Effect and gland of Epinephrine?
Sympathetic stress response (Rapid)
Adrenal medulla
(Modified Amino Acid)
Effect and gland of Cortisol (“Glucocorticoid”)?
Long-term stress response, Increase BGL and protein catabolism, decrease inflammation and immune system
Adrenal Cortex
(Steroid)
Target, effect, and gland of Aldosterone (“Mineralcorticoid”)?
Kidney
Increase Na reabsorption –> increase B.P.
Adrenal cortex
(steroid)
Effect, diabetes-interaction, and gland of Insulin?
Decrease: BGL
Increase:glycogen and fat storage
Secreted by Beta cells or pancreas
absent/ineffective in diabetes mellitus
(Peptide)
Effect and gland of glucagon?
Increase: BGL
Decrease: glycogen and fat storage
Secreted by Alpha cells of pancreas
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Somatostatin?
Inhibits many digestive processes
Secreted by Delta cells of pancreas
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Testosterone?
Male characteristics
Spermatogenesis
Testes
(Steroid)
Target, effect, and gland of Estrogen?
Female Characteristics
endometrial growth
Ovaries and placenta
(Steroid)
Target, effect, and gland of Progesterone?
Endometerial secretion
Pregnancy
Ovaries and placenta
(Steroid)
Target, effect, and gland of Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)?
Kidney
Increase urination –> decreased B.P.
Heart
(Peptide)
Target, effect, and gland of Erythropoietin?
Bone marrow
Increase RBC synthesis
Kidney
(Peptide)
