Biology - Evolution of Animals Study Guide

Question 1

Sponge

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 1

None of everything

Digestion = endosytosis

Question 2

Cnidarian

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 2

1. Tissue = nerve net, digestive cells
2. Symmetry = radial
3. Digestion = cup-like

Only tissue, symmetry, and digestion

Question 3

Flatworm

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 3

1. Tissue = branched tissue: ectoderm: skin and digestion, mesoderm: muscle, endoderm: layer under skin
2. Symmetry = bilateral
3. Digestion = cup-like
4. Muscles/Nerves = able to constrict and relax muscles, concentrated nerves as “brain”, very beginning of cephalization

Respiration = diffusion, Cephalization

Only tissue, symmetry, digestion, and muscles/nerves

Question 4

Roundworm

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 4

1. Tissue = muscles, nerves, and digestion
2. Symmetry = bilateral
3. Digestion = tube-like
4. Muscles/Nerves = opposing lateral muscles, nerves

Respiration = diffusion, Cephalization

Only tissue, symmetry, digestion, and muscles/nerves

Question 5

Mollusks

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 5

1. Tissue = muscles, nerves, and digestion
2. Symmetry = bilateral
3. Digestion = tube-like with special sacks (digestion and absorption)
4. Muscles/Nerves = tongue: tears things, crop: crunches things, feet: movement
5. Circulation = heart, open circulatory system: pump circulates blood
6. Respiration = gills: O2 and CO2 exchange, diffusion

Cephalization

No segmentation, everything else

Question 6

Annelids - Segmented Worms

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 6

1. Tissue = muscles, nerves, digestion
2. Symmetry = bilateral
3. Digestion = tube-like
4. Muscles/Nerves = lateral muscles, expanding and contracting
5. Circulation = closed circulatory system
6. Segmentation = a lot: 40+

Respiration = diffusion, Cephalization

No respiration

Question 7

Arthropods

Jointed Foot

Tissue, symmetry, digestion, muscles/nerves, circulation, respiration, segmentation

Answer 7

1. Tissue = muscles, nerves, digestion
2. Symmetry = bilateral
3. Digestion = tube=like
4. Muscles/Nerves = nerves concentrated at head (cephalization), muscles to fly
5. Circulation = open circulatory system: heart and arteries
6. Respiration = spiracles: holes in abdomen
7. Segmentation = generally 3 segments

Cephalization

Has everything

Question 8

Body Cavity

Answer 8

Tube-like digestion

Question 9

Tissue

Answer 9

Group of cells acting with a common purpose