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OLD STUFF > Biology DNA Review > Flashcards

Biology DNA Review Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleosome Structure

A

Eight histone proteins wrapped twice by DNA. DNA that connects Nucleosomes are linkers. One histone “sealing” nucleosome.

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2
Q

5’ 3’

A

5’ is phosphate end. 3’ is sugar end.

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3
Q

Purines

A

AG

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4
Q

Pyrimidines

A

CT

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5
Q

Nucleotides

A

Sugar, Phosphate Group, Nitrogenous Base.

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6
Q

Nucleosome f(x)

A

To supercoil DNA into chromosomes.

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7
Q

Unique Single Copy vs Highly Repetetive sequences.

A

Unique = exons. Repetetive = introns. Unique code for proteins while repetetive do not.

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8
Q

Introns

A

Editted out from final mRNA in transcription.

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9
Q

Exons

A

Kept to continue in mRNA form.

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10
Q

DNA replication direction

A

5’-3’

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11
Q

Sense vs Antisense

A

Sense is almost exactly like mRNA. Antisense is used to base pair.

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12
Q

Helicase

A

breaks hydrogen bonds between nucleotides to unravel DNA, exposing nitrogenous bases.

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13
Q

DNA Polymerase III

A

Adds nucleotides. Starts on RNA Primers if on lagging strand.

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14
Q

RNA Primase

A

Adds short length of RNA primer. Primer allows DNA polymerase to bind and begin replication.

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15
Q

DNA Polymerase I

A

removes RNA primer and places DNA. Leaves a nick where two nucleotides are still not connected.

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16
Q

DNA Ligase

A

Seals nick with suger-phosphate bond.

17
Q

Transcription occurs in a ____ to ____ direction

A

5’ to 3’

18
Q

Promoter Region

A

DNA sequences where transcription factors bind and recruit RNA Polymerase to synthesize RNA.

19
Q

tRNA-activating enzyme

A

tRNA activating enzyme binds amino acid to specific tRNA using amino acid.

20
Q

Ribosome Structure

A

Proteins and rRNA make up the structure. 3 zones for tRNA. Large and small subunits.

21
Q

Translocation

A

Moving of tRNA from A to P site.

OLD STUFF (11 decks)

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