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Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ovaries

A

Store and release eggs

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2
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

Carry the egg to the uterus

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3
Q

Uterus

A

Where the fertilized egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment

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4
Q

Cervix

A

Leads from the vagina to the uterus

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5
Q

Vagina

A

Holds the make penis

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6
Q

Ovulation

A

An egg is released every 28 days

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7
Q

Menstruation

A

Uterus become thicker in blood , if it is not used it breaks away
Period

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8
Q

Fertile period

A

Days a woman is most likely to have a baby

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9
Q

Pause

A

If an egg is fertilized a period is paused for the duration of the pregnancy the first sign of pregnancy is the period not showing up

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10
Q

Testes

A

Produce sperm

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11
Q

Scrotum

A

Where the testes are , ensure the temperature is lower than the body temperature to have good sperm

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12
Q

Epididymis

A

Tube that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully

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13
Q

Vas derferens

A

Sperm duct - brings the sperm along

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14
Q

Seminal vesicles , prostate glands and cowpers glands

A

produce fluid which mixes sperm and allows them to swim

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15
Q

Penis

A

Enters the female and ejaculates the sperm

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16
Q

Puberty

A

Describes when the body start becoming sexually mature organs develop it normally happens between 10-16

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17
Q

Male puberty

A

Hormones (testosterone) is released causing voice to grow deeper hair grows organs grow bigger

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18
Q

Female puberty

A

Hormones (estrogen and progesterone)are released and develope body parts hips open hair grows (the first egg drops is a sign of puberty )

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19
Q

Fertilization

A

If an egg is in the Fallopian tube sperm may fuse together to make a woman pregnant

20
Q

Embryo

A

The egg divides many times into a tiny group of cells moves to the uterus and settles in the lining to form an embryo

21
Q

Zygote - embryo - fetus

A
  • egg and sperm fuse - zygote
  • cell division occurs and growth - embryo
  • embryo attaches to the lining grow and at 8 weeks looks like a human
  • fetus
22
Q

Pregnancy

A

40 weeks -

As the embryo developes it is protected in amniotic fluid and provides a cushion for the embryo

23
Q

Umbilical cord

A

Tube that connects the embryo to the placenta

24
Q

Placenta

A

rich in blood vessels oxegyn goes in waste goes out

25
Q

Labour

A

Uterus muscles contract

26
Q

Waters break

A

Amniotic fluid bag breaks

27
Q

Afterbirth

A

Umbilical cord is cut

28
Q

Lactation

A

Production of Brest milk

29
Q

Colostrum

A

Nutritious milk to protect the baby from infection

30
Q

Family planning

A

Controlling the number of children you have

31
Q

Natural methods of contraception

A

Aim to detect the day ovulation takes place to avoid inter course during the fertile period

32
Q

Artificial method of contraception

A
  • Eg condom stops sperm
  • Contraceptive pill prevents ovulation
  • No method is 100% reliable
33
Q

Inherited characteristics

A

Many physical characteristics such as eye colour and shape of ears were inherited from your parents. The instructions for these inherited characteristics were carried in the two cells that made you the egg and sperm

34
Q

Chromosomes and genes

A

The nucleus of each sex cell (gamete) contains 23 thread like structures called Chromosomes

35
Q

Chromosomes

A

Chromosomes are made of protein + DNA

These chromosomes carry genes

36
Q

Genes

A

are chemicals found on chromosomes that pass on information from parents to children

37
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

38
Q

Taxonomy

A

the science of classifying organisms

39
Q

Classification

A

is the placing of organisms into groups, based on similar characteristics. This simplifies the study of organisms and allow scientists to communicate with each other. The basic unit of classification is the species.

40
Q

Species

A

is a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. (Liger = sterile offspring of a male lion and a female tiger) (A mule is the sterile offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)

41
Q

Hereditary

A

The handing down of traits to parents through genes Eg - nose

42
Q

Variation

A

means the differences in characteristics between members of the same species. Variations can be acquired (‘picked up’ during the life of the organism) e.g. riding a bicycle or inherited (genetic – can be passed on to next generation) e.g. tongue rolling.

43
Q

Natural selection

A

Is the process by which the members of a species who are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce

44
Q

Zygote - embryo - fetus

A
  • egg and sperm fuse - zygote
  • cell division occurs and growth - embryo
  • embryo attaches to the lining grow and at 8 weeks looks like a human
  • fetus
45
Q

Pregnancy

A

40 weeks -

As the embryo developes it is protected in amniotic fluid and provides a cushion for the embryo

Science (5 decks)

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