Biology 150 (summer) FINAL

Question 1

What is the role of hemoglobin?

Answer 1

Oxygen transport

Question 2

Hemoglobin curve?

Answer 2

As pressure increases, saturation of oxygen decreases

Rapidly unloads when demand is high!

Question 3

pH and hemoglobin?

Answer 3

More oxygen is released when solution is more ACIDIC

Question 4

Hemoglobin curve shifts which direction when pH is lower?

Answer 4

RIGHT

Question 5

Advantage of closed-circuit circulatory systems?

Answer 5

Allows for high-pressure and higher flow rate

Question 6

Right side of heart is ???

Answer 6

DEOXYGENATED

Question 7

Systole ?

Answer 7

Contracted

Question 8

Left side of heart ??

Answer 8

OXYGENATED

Question 9

Diastole

Answer 9

Relaxed portion of heart

Question 10

Which (systole or diastole) is high pressure and uses the AV valves?

Answer 10

Systole

Question 11

Which (systole or diastole) is low pressure, relaxed, and uses the aortic valves?

Answer 11

Diastole

Question 12

Problem with double-loop circulation?

Answer 12

Capillaries are thin to withstand the high pressure of the circuit; SO, there are two separate circuits to withstand the pressure

Question 13

What is open-circuit?

Answer 13

Hemolymph is not confined to vessels; no diffusion (or pressure required)

Question 14

Parts of CNS?

Answer 14

Brain & spinal chord

Question 15

Fxn of dendrite?

Answer 15

Receives info

Question 16

Fxn of soma?

Answer 16

Integrates (and receives) info

Question 17

Fxn of axon?

Answer 17

Sends out info

Question 18

Sodium goes (in/out) in axon potential?

Answer 18

IN

Question 19

K goes (in/out) in axon potential?

Answer 19

OUT

Question 20

Role of MS?

Answer 20

Acts as insulation; allows for quicker transmission

Question 21

Glucose is too high in blood?

Answer 21

Insulin is secreted- glucose is converted to glycogen

Question 22

Glucose is too low in blood?

Answer 22

Glucagon is secreted - glycogen is converted to glucose

Question 23

Can animals break down cellulose?

Answer 23

NO f***in’ way

Question 24

Which animals in which circumstances have the most difficultly extracting oxygen from their environment?

Answer 24

Saltwater fish- oxygen isn’t readily available; and the water is even more concentrated on top of that

Question 25

What does A represent in Flick’s law?

Answer 25

Area (large)

Question 26

P2-P1 ?

Answer 26

Difference in partial pressures (large)

Question 27

D ?

Answer 27

Distance (small)

Question 28

Sensory neurons?

Answer 28

Carry info from outside of body in

Question 29

Motor neurons?

Answer 29

Inside to outside of body (information carried)

Question 30

What do pacemaker cells do?

Answer 30

Electrical conductivity of the heart- SA Node

Question 31

At resting potential there is lots of ___ inside?

Answer 31

K (and proteins)

Question 32

How does a synapse transmit a signal?

Answer 32

Ion channels are opened; causes cell potential changes; neurotransmitter is released

Question 33

Is oxygen soluble in water?

Answer 33

NaBrO

Question 34

What is counter-current exchange?

Answer 34

Water and blood flowing in opposite directions (Fish)

Question 35

Inhalation?

Answer 35

Relaxed muscles

Question 36

Exhalation?

Answer 36

Contracted muscles