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A Level Revision > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What are two types of epithelial tissue

A

Ciliated columnar
Squamous epithelium

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2
Q

Where is columnar epithelium found

A

Trachea and bronchi

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3
Q

What is the structure of squamous epithelium

A

Flat and thin with egg shaped nuclei

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4
Q

What is the structure of ciliated columnar

A

Very tall in shape, set in columns

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5
Q

What is COPD

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary diseases

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6
Q

What are the effects of COPD on the lungs

A

Thick narrow bronchioles with excess mucus
Destruction of alveolar walls

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7
Q

What is magnification

A

This is how many times bigger the image is than the object

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8
Q

What is the calculation to calculate maginfication

A

Image size divided by actual image

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9
Q

What is the equation to calculate image size

A

Actual size times magnification

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10
Q

What are the two types of electron Microscopes

A

Transmission and scanning electron

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11
Q

True or false produce black and white images?

A

True

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12
Q

True or false light microscopes produce colourful images?

A

True

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13
Q

Which microscope out of light and electron produces higher magnification and resolution?

A

Electron

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14
Q

What is the magnification of electron microscope?

A

2,000,000

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15
Q

What is resolution

A

Being able to distinguish between the points that are very close

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16
Q

What are the advantages of electron microscopes?

A

Much greater than light microscopes
Being able to see the structure in the cells
Has a greater resolution than light microscopes

17
Q

What are the disadvantages of electron microscopes

A

They are much more expensive
Can only produce black and white images
You can only examine dead material

18
Q

What are the advantages of light microscopes?

A

Very affordable
Easy to use
Very portable
Can produce coloured images
Very cheap

19
Q

What are the disadvantages of light microscopes?

A

Has a low resolution
Has a low magnification

20
Q

What is the nervous system made up of

A

The periphal nervous system
The central nervous system

21
Q

What is the function of the node of ranvier

A

Allows the electrical impulses to keep up speed

22
Q

What is the function of the Schwann cells

A

Produces the myelin sheath

23
Q

What are neurones

A

They are cells which carry electrical impulses

24
Q

What are the three types of neurone

A

Motor
Sensory
Relay

25
Q

What are some of the differences in myelinated and non myelinated nerves

A

Myelinated nerves have a larger diameter than non myelinated
Non myelinated nerves have slower impulses than myelinated nerves
Non myelinated nerves don’t have a myelin sheath while myelinated nerves do

26
Q

What is the function of the motor neurone

A

Transmits impulses to the effector

27
Q

What are the two protein filaments found in muscle cells

A

Actin
Myosin

28
Q

What is the gap between two neuroses called

A

Synapse

29
Q

What ions enter the cell at the synapse

A

Calcium ions

30
Q

What is the membrane potential while at rest

A

-70mv

31
Q

What is the membrane potential when it rises

A

-55mv

A Level Revision (5 decks)

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