Biology Flashcards
What are the main human organ systems?
Urinary,respiratory, circulatory, hormonal, nervous, reproductive, digestive
How is an egg cell specialised to carry out its job?
Lots of mitochondria carry out respiration to release energy
Nucleus contains half a set of genetic material from the mother
How is the sperm cell specialised to carry out its job?
Flagellum for swimming
Lots of mitochondria carry out respiration to release energy
Nucleus contains half a set of genetic information from father
How is the red blood cell specialised to carry out its job?
Contains chemical called haemoglobin which sticks to oxygen molecules
BICONCAVE SHAPE: helps travel through small blood vessels without getting stuck. Can bend. Bigger surface area to absorb oxygen.
How is the nerve cell specialised to carry out its job?
Long thin makes it faster to send electrical impulses
How is the ciliated epithelial cell specialised to carry out its job?
Cilia waft and help carry things along inside the body
How is the small intestine cell specialised to carry out its job?
Tiny folds-microvilli- increase surface area to absorb nutrients
Line up together to form structures called villi. Good blood supply. Where the nutrients absorbed go to
How is the palisade cell specialised to carry out its job?
Many chloroplasts where photosynthesis happens
Tall thin
Found on top half of the leaf
How is the root hair cell specialised to carry out its job?
Long thin hair extends from cell. Larger surface area for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
Thin cell wall makes it easier for water to pass into cell.
Large vacuole temporarily stores water absorbed from soul before transported up through the plant
How is the xylem cell specialised to carry out its job?
Thick strengthened cellulose cell wall with hollow lumen
Lignin strengthens walls so they can cope with pressure and makes them impermeable to water (WATER CANT ESCAPE)
Dead cells, no nucleus form continuous tube allowing water to pass
Food test for glucose
Benedicts+ heat
Name 3 of the 7 nutrients
(Carbohydrate, protein, water, fibre, vits, mins fats
Respiration and breathing
B- process of air moving in and out of the lungs
R- chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that release energy. Occurs in every living cell
Egestion vs excretion
Egestion-removal of faeces
Excretion- removal of waste produced by the body
Main Organ(s) in circulatory system
Heart
