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Biology 1 > Bio lesson 1 > Flashcards

Bio lesson 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A chemical compound found in living organisms

A

BIOMOLECULES

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2
Q

A part of biomolecule that has sugar/glucose

A

Carbohydrates

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3
Q

A part of biomolecule that has Amino Acids

A

Proteins

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4
Q

A part of biomolecule that has triglyceride, waxes, and oils

A

Lipids

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5
Q

A part of biomolecule that has DNA and RNA

A

Nucleic Acids

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6
Q

What does DNA mean?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (Double-stranded)

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7
Q

What does RNA mean?

A

Ribonucleic Acid (single-stranded)

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8
Q

What do we need to replicate DNA/Create proteins

A

Protein Synthesis

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9
Q

What is the energy storage/currency of the cell?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

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10
Q

What is the power house of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A
  1. It is composed of cells
  2. It reproduces/it undergoes reproduction
  3. It grows and develop
  4. it responds to stimuli
  5. it has hierarchy in terms of cells, tissues, organs
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12
Q

What are 5 kingdom system?

A
  1. Animalia
  2. Plantae
  3. Fungi
  4. Monera
  5. Protista
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13
Q

What is the organelle of the cell?

A

Golgi Apparatus

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14
Q

Who discovered Golgi Apparatus and how was it found?

A

Camillo Golgi through a microscope

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15
Q

What speeds up chemical reaction?

A

Biological enzymes/catalyst

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16
Q

What is the primary enzyme in saliva

A

Salivary amylase

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17
Q

What breaks down carbohydrates into smaller molecules like sugars?

A

salivary amylase (protein)

18
Q

What are the single-celled organism

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Protists
  3. Yeast
19
Q

What are the multi-cellular organism

A

Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Most protists

20
Q

Who discovered the structure of the DNA

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

21
Q

Who made the discovery of the structure of DNA possible?

A

Dr Rosalind Franklin but died early

22
Q

Who discovered the cell (explain how)

A

It was discovered by Robert Hooke through a microscope, he saw a honeycomb type of structure and named it cell because it reminded him of the cells inhabited by monks living in a monastery

23
Q

What are central Dogma of molecular biology?

A
  1. DNA replication
  2. Transcription
  3. Translation
  4. Protein Synthesis
24
Q

What is MRNA, TRNA, AND RRNA

A
  1. Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
  2. Transfer Ribonucleic Acid
  3. Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid
25
Q

A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs

A

Hemoglobin

26
Q

What are the 2 types of Cell Division

A

Mitosis
Meiosis

27
Q

What is a cell division that are somatic cells

A

Mitosis

28
Q

What is a cell division that are sex cells (sperm and egg)

A

Meiosis

29
Q

Who is the Italian psychologist who made important contributions to the experimental study of bodily functions and animal reproduction

A

Lazzaro Spallanzani

30
Q

What are the PMAT

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

31
Q

Who discovered biogenesis

A

Louis Pasteur and Francisco Redi

32
Q

Who discovered Abiogenesis

A

Unknown

33
Q

What is the absence of life called

A

Abiogenesis

34
Q

Who made the cell theory?

A

Matthias Schleiden (a German lawyer turned botanist)
Theodor Schwann (a German Zoologist)

35
Q

What are the three tenets in cell theory

A

All organisms are composed of one or more cells
The cell is the structural unit of life
Cells can arise only by division from a pre-existing cell

36
Q

Who was the German pathologist that made a convincing case for the third tenet of cell theory

A

Rudolf Virchow

37
Q

What is the structural unit of life

A

Cell

38
Q

These are cells of a living organism other than reproductive cells

A

Somatic cells

39
Q

Who began the first culture of human cells

A

George and Martha gey

40
Q

Where was HeLa cells found

A

Malignant Tumor

41
Q

Who was the donor that was named after HeLa cells

A

Henrietta Lacks

42
Q

Who was the Dutchman that was the first to describe different forms of bacteria

A

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Biology 1 (8 decks)

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