Big Science Test Flashcards

1
Q

Do you know the major contributions that each scientist made to the discovery of cells?

A

Robert Hooke
Created and claimed the term cell, compound microscope, observed corks

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2
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

He began to look at little things through a microscope, found many unicellular organisms

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3
Q

Matthias Schleiden

A

All plants are made of cells

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4
Q

Theodor Schwann

A

All animals are made of cells and all living things are made of cells

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5
Q

Rudolf Virchow

A

All cells comes from cells

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6
Q

What are the three main points of the cell theory?

A
  1. All living things are composed of cells
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
  3. All cells are produced from other cells
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7
Q

How do you determine the magnification of a compound microscope?

A

You have to multiply the magnification on the objective lens by ten

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8
Q

What are the functions of the cell wall and cell membrane?

A

Cell Wall: a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and other organisms
Cell Membrane: controls what substances come into and out of a cell

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9
Q

What are the parts and functions of the nucleus?
Nuclear Envelope
Chromatin
Nucleus

A

materials that pass in and out of the nucleus through pores
thin strands that contain genetic material (DNA)
Brian of the cell

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10
Q

What are the functions of the organelles inside the cell?
Vacuole

A

Storage area

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11
Q

Mitochondria

A

powerhouse” of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy

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12
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

A

carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another

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13
Q

Ribosomes

A

produces proteins

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14
Q

Golgi Bodies

A

receives proteins from the er packages then and distributes them to the other parts of the cell

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15
Q

Lysosomes

A

breaks down certain materials from the cell

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16
Q

Cytoplasm

A

gel-like fluid region between cell membrane and nucleus

17
Q

What are the differences between a plant cell and animal cell?

A

Plant cell is green because it has a chloroplast
Plant cell doesn’t have a centriole
Plant cell has a cell wall
Animal is circular

18
Q

What is the difference between a tissue, organ, and organ system?

A

Tissue: a bunch of cells put together

19
Q

Organ

A

a bunch of tissues

20
Q

Organ System:

A

is a bunch of organs

21
Q

What is unique about a bacterial cell?

A

does not contain a nucleus, smaller than the other cells, Genetic material is found in the cytoplasm, only contains ribosomes and not other organelles found in an plant or animal cell

22
Q

Microscope

A

An instrument that makes small objects look larger