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Pharmacology > Benzodiazepines > Flashcards

Benzodiazepines Flashcards

1
Q

DEA schedule of BZDs

A

IV

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2
Q

BZD Examples

A
  1. lorazepam/ativan
  2. alprazolam/xanax
  3. diazepam/valium
  4. atypical (for sleep): zolpidem/ambien
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3
Q

BZD actions

A
  1. reduces anxiety
  2. sedation
  3. hypnotic effects
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4
Q

BZDs MOA

A

bind to specific receptor which enhances effects of GABA

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5
Q

what is GABA

A

major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS

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6
Q

BZDs Indications

A
  1. sedation
  2. anxiety
  3. insomnia (atypical)
  4. acute seizure tx
  5. ETOH withdrawal (1st line tx)
  6. muscle relaxation
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7
Q

when would you give a BZD for anxiety

A

acute panic attack, transitionally while waiting for SSRI to work (about 6 weeks)

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8
Q

which BZD would you give for acute seizure treatment and what is the route of administration

A

valium, IV/rectal

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9
Q

BZDs contraindications

A
  1. addiction to other drugs or previous benzo addiction
  2. sleep apnea
  3. comatose pt
  4. hypotension
  5. caution with elderly –> do 1/2 dose
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10
Q

BZDs SE

A
  1. amnesia
  2. respiration depression
  3. decreased BP, increased HR
  4. daytime sedation, drowsiness (depends on 1/2 life)
  5. disinhibition
  6. ataxia, dizziness –> concern for fall risk
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11
Q

BZDs considerations

A

longer half life less likely to cause withdrawal but shorter half life less likely to have hangover effect

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12
Q

Onset and half life of lorazepam/ativan

A

fast, 10-20 hr

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13
Q

what is lorazepam/ativan good for?

A

acute agitation/anxiety, procedures

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14
Q

Onset and half life of alprazolam/xanax

A

intermediate, 8-37 hr

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15
Q

what is alprazolam/xanax good for?

A

anxiety

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16
Q

Onset and half life of diazepam/valium

A

intermediate, 20-80 hr

17
Q

what is diazepam/valium good for?

A

seizure tx, acute agitation

18
Q

Onset and half life of midazolam/versed

A

fast, 2-6 hr

19
Q

Onset and half life of clonazepam/klonopin

A

intermediate, 30-40 hr

20
Q

medication good for treating anxiety and sleep with lower incidence of daytime drowsiness

A

alprazolam (xanax)

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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