behaviourism

Question 1

gave psychology scientific credibility

Answer 1

careful measurement of observable behaviour within a controlled lab setting
behaviorists emphasized the importance of scientific processes such as replication and objectivity.
this brought language and methods of natural sciences in psychology, giving it greater credibility and status

(lack generalisability, demand characteristics)

Question 2

laws developed by behaviorists have real-life application

Answer 2

principle of conditioning have been applied to many real-life application and problems
token economy systems reward appropriate behaviour which can then be exchanged for privileges - successfully used in psychiatric wards
treatments like this are suitable for patients who lack insight into their condition and are not capable about talking their problems

(in SCHIZOPHRENIA - token economies are controversial)
(conditioning in phobias may not always be successful as the patient suffers from lot of stress)

Question 3

portrays mechanistic view

Answer 3

animals and humans are seen as machine-like respondents to the environment with little conscious insights into our behaviour
other processes such as SLT and the cognitive approach have placed much more emphasis on the mental processes that occur during learning
this process that mediate between the stimulus and response suggests that human play a much more active role in their own learning

(when testing drugs, they are first used on animals to see if they are effective and if they are, they are then tested on humans)