Behavior

Question 1

social interactions (2)

Answer 1

solitary vs social

Question 2

gregarious

Answer 2

live in cohesive stable social groups

Question 3

bisexual

Answer 3

year-round associations between adult males and females

Question 4

non-gregarious

Answer 4

dispersed social systems

Question 5

Social system describes?

includes? (4)

Answer 5

composition of a social group (the number of adult males and females)

(1) solitary, (2) pair, (3) single male, and (4) multi male
- 3 and 4 can include any number of females

Question 6

mating system describes?

includes? (4)

Answer 6

number of sexual partners individuals have

monogamy, polyandry, polygyny, and polygynandry

Question 7

Socioecology?

socioecological theory?

Answer 7

influence of an animal’s ecology on social interactions

distribution and abundance of resources in a habitat constrains and helps to
determine the nature of primate social relationships

Question 8

Sociobiology?

sociobiological theory?

Answer 8

influence of reproductive biology on social interactions

asymmetries in parental investment by
the sexes often play a key role in influencing the evolution of social relationships

Question 9

ethogram

Answer 9

detailed catalogue of discrete species-typical behaviors

Question 10

Scan sampling

Answer 10

whole group of subjects is rapidly

scanned at regular intervals, and the behavior of each individual at that instant is recorded

Question 11

Focal animal

sampling

Answer 11

observing one individual for a specified amount of time and recording all instances of its behavior

Question 12

dyadic interactions

Answer 12

interactions

between pairs of individuals)

Question 13

Affiliative and Agonistic Behavior

Answer 13

Social behaviors can often be categorized as either affiliative (friendly)
or agonistic (aggressive and/or submissive)

Question 14

Conflict

Answer 14

develops out of competition for resources; resolved is through various affiliative behaviors

Question 15

Grooming (function and types)

Answer 15

hygienic function and strengthens social bonds

groom themselves (autogrooming) and other individuals (allogrooming)

Question 16

Dominance (defintion?, point?)

acknowledged with?

Answer 16

asymmetry in fighting ability

dominance hierarchies; most frequent winner first

The primary function of a dominance hierarchy is to resolve conflicts efficiently and minimize the costs

signals of dominance and submission

Question 17

Supplants (“displacement”)

Answer 17

one individual takes the place of another individual within a short period of time

gain access to resources and reinforce a dominance relationship

Question 18

Communication (3 types)

Answer 18

Visual Communication (body posture and facial expressions)
Olfactory Communication
Vocalizations

Question 19

Two types of Visual Communication

Answer 19

displays (sequences of
stereotyped behaviors) and ritualized behaviors (behaviors that are exaggerated and removed from their
original context)