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Pharmacology > Basics: Pharmacology > Flashcards

Basics: Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

All drugs are chemicals

A

True

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2
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A
  • ACTION of the drug to the body
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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A
  • RESPONSE/MOVEMENT of the body to the drugs
  • Liberation, Absorption, Distribution, MetabolisM, Excretion (LADME)
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4
Q

Pharmacodynamics - Action of Drug

A
  • Replace a missing substance
  • Increase cellular activities
  • Depress cellular activities
  • Interfere with the growth of a foreign cell
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5
Q

Pharmacodynamics - Drug Actions

A
  1. Interact with the receptors
  2. Interact with the Enzymes
  3. Interact with the pumps
  4. Interact with the chemical interaction
  5. Altering metabolic processes
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6
Q

Agonist

A
  • drug that ACTIVATES/STIMULATES a receptor site
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7
Q

Agonist

A
  • drug that ACTIVATES/STIMULATES a receptor site
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8
Q

Antagonist

A
  • against the Agonist
  • has (2) types: Competitive Antagonist, and Non-competitive Agonist
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9
Q

Competitive Agonist

A
  • BLOCKS the efficacy of the Agonist
  • BLOCKS the receptor site
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10
Q

Non - competitive Antagonist

A
  • REDUCES the efficacy of the Agonist
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11
Q

PYRIDOSTIGMINE

A
  • drug used in Myasthenia Gravis
  • improve the tone of the muscle/weakness
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12
Q

PYRIDOSTIGMINE

A
  • drug used in Myasthenia Gravis
  • improve the tone of the muscle/weakness
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13
Q

Effector cells

A
  • produce EFFECT
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14
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A
  • MOVEMENT of the drugs into the body
  • (5) phases: Liberation, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
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15
Q

Liberation

A
  • release of active ingredient
  • free from its form
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16
Q

Absorption

A
  • drug is already in the bLOOD
17
Q

Distribution

A
  • the blood already transported the drug into its target cells/tissues
18
Q

Metabolism

A
  • Liver metabolizes the drug
  • transform the drug into LESS ACTIVE FORM
19
Q

Reduce the dose

A
  1. Too young - immature organs
  2. Too old - pagod na ang organs
  3. Liver problems - cannot detoxify
  4. Kidney problems - cannot excrete
20
Q

Excretion

A
  • what is not needed will be excreted
  • may be via the sweat or urine
21
Q

Recommended Dose

A
  • the amount of drug administered to reach CRITICAL CONCENTRATION
22
Q

Critical concentration

A
  • level of drug in the blood –> produces a THERAPEUTIC EFFECT
23
Q

Therapeutic effect

A
  • favorable response after a treatment of any kind
  • CURE
24
Q

Loading dose

A
  • initial dose –> immediate response
  • higher than the recommended dose
  • used in EMERGENCY
25
Q

Half-life

A
  • TIME it takes for a drug to become half of its previously peaked level
26
Q

5 common Neurotransmitters (chemical messengers of the brain)

A
  1. Acetylcholine (ACh)
  2. NE/E
  3. Dopamine
  4. Serotonin (5HT)
  5. GABA (Gamma-amino Butyric Acid)
27
Q

Acetylcholine

A
  • muscle contraction and memory
  • dec. ACh –> Alzheimers
28
Q

Norepinephrine/ Epinephrine

A
  • releases during SNS stimulation
  • behavior affected
29
Q

Dopamine (Dopa)

A
  • motor
    -cognition (thinking, learning, reasoning)
  • inc (Schizophrenia, Mania)
  • Dopaminergic nerve
30
Q

Serotonin

A
  • arousal (wake), sleep
  • motivation
  • prevents Depression
  • Serotogenic nerve
31
Q

GABA

A
  • inhibitory neurotransmitter
  • stimulates anti-convulsant & anti-anxiety drugs
  • enhance GABA –> inhibitory effect
  • Gabaminergic nerve
32
Q

Cholinergic nerve

A
  • nerve that produces & stores ACh
33
Q

Adrenergic nerve

A
  • nerve that produces & stores NE/E
34
Q

Adrenergic nerve

A
  • nerve that produces & stores NE/E
35
Q

2 Branches of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

A
  1. Sympathetic NS - Adrenergic (NE)
  2. Parasympathetic NS - Cholinergic (ACh)

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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