Basic principles of prescribing Flashcards
1
Q
What is an enzyme inducer
A
increase activity of P450 thereby increasing metabolism of drugs and drugs will have a reduced effect
2
Q
What is an enzyme inhibitor
A
decrease activity of P450, decreasing metabolism of drugs and therefore drug concentration will build up
3
Q
Examples of enzyme inducers (low drug concentration)
A
PC BRAS Phenytoin Carbamazepine Barbiturates Rifampicin Alcohol (chronic excess) sulphonylureas
4
Q
Examples of enzyme inhibitors (high drug concentration)
A
AODEVICES Allopurinol Omeprazole Disulfiram Erythromycin Valproate Isoniazid Ciprofloxacin Ethanol (acute intoxication) Sulfonamides
5
Q
Mnemonic for drugs to stop before surgery
A
I LACK OP Insulin Lithium Anticoagulants COCP/HRT K-sparing diuretics Oral hypoglycaemics Perindopril and other ACEi
6
Q
Stopping COCP before surgery
A
4 weeks
7
Q
Stopping lithium before surgery
A
day before
8
Q
Stopping K-sparing diuretics and ACE inhibitors
A
day of surgery
9
Q
Stopping anticoagulants and antiplatalets
A
variable
Warfarin usually bridged with LMWH
10
Q
Stopping oral hypoglycaemics and insulin
A
variable
Patients often NBM
Metformin can cause lactic acidosis
