Basal Ganglia Flashcards

1
Q

function of 5 basal ganglia loops: recognition of social disapproval, self-regulatory control, selecting relevant knowledge from irrelevant, maintaining attention, stimulus-response learning

A

behavioral flexibility and control

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2
Q

function of 5 basal ganglia loops: movement selection and action

A

motor

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3
Q

which 2 structures make up the striatum?

A

caudate and putamen

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4
Q

function of 5 basal ganglia loops: goal-directed behavior; makes perceptual decisions, plans, and decides upon actions in context

A

executive

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5
Q

which nucleus of the basal ganglia receives input from premotor and motor cortices?

A

putamen

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6
Q

what is the basal ganglia motor pathway for postural muscles?

A

BG x pedunculopontine nucleus x reticulospinal tracts > LMNs > postural muscles

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7
Q

what is the basal ganglia motor pathway for voluntary muscle movement?

A

BG x motor thalamus > motor cortex > corticospinal tracts > LMNs > voluntary muscles

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8
Q

function of 5 basal ganglia loops: links limbic, cognitive, and motor systems; identifies value of stimuli; involved in reward-guided behaviors; monitors errors in predictions; concerned with seeking pleasure

A

limbic

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9
Q

what is the basal ganglia motor pathway for walking?

A

BG x midbrain locomotor region > reticulospinal tracts > stepping pattern generators > LMNs > walking

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10
Q

what is the structure that provides output for the BG motor circuit?

A

globus pallidus internus

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11
Q

function of 5 basal ganglia loops: decisions about eye movements and spatial attention; initiation of fast eye movements

A

oculomotor

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12
Q

which 2 structures adjust activity in descending UMN?

A

basal ganglia and cerebellum

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13
Q

what part of the limbic system links the limbic, cognitive, and motor systems?

A

ventral striatum

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14
Q

where do the basal ganglia and cerebellum adjust activity?

A

descending UMNs

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15
Q

which nucleus of the basal ganglia is involved in goal-directed behavior?

A

caudate

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16
Q

what is the domain of the limbic system?

A

emotions and motivation

17
Q

which 2 nuclei of the basal ganglia process info within the BG circuit?

A

subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra compacta

18
Q

which 2 structures make up the lentiform nucleus?

A

putamen and globus pallidus

19
Q

which nuclei of the basal ganglia are in the cerebrum?

A

caudate, putamen, globus pallidus

20
Q

what is the term for the junction of caudate and putamen?

A

ventral striatum

21
Q

what are the other areas of BG control?

A

oculomotor, executive, behavioral flexibility and control, limbic