Bacterial Structure and Function

Question 1

What are the important Gram+ Bacterial Strains?

Answer 1

Staphylococci, Streptococci, Baccilli

Mycoplasma, Mycobacterium

Question 2

Important Gram- Bacteria

Answer 2

E. Coli, Spirochetes

Question 3

Spirochetes include several “ “ genera.

Answer 3

Gram negative

Question 4

Name and describe the 3 shapes of Bacteria

Answer 4

Coccus: Sphere
Bacillus: Stick/Rod
Spirochetes: Spiral/Long Hair

Question 5

Name and describe the 3 arrangements of bacteria

Answer 5

Strepto: String or chain
Staphylo- clusters
Diplo: double

Question 6

What are the levels of the outer membrane in Gram- bacteria (bottom to top)

Answer 6

Lipid A, Inner Core, Outer Core, O Antigen

Question 7

Mycobacterium have what distinct cell wall feature?

Answer 7

Mycolic Acid and unusual sugars

Question 8

Bacterial capsules are composed of ______ and provide protection from ________

Answer 8

polysaccharides, phagocytosis

Question 9

Bacterial capsules are an important features of which 2 diseases?

Answer 9

Pneumonia and Meningitis.

Capsules are likely to cause invasive diseases because they cannot be phagocytosed.

Question 10

______ function to mediate attachment to host and bacterial cells. They also promote motility and biofilm formation

Answer 10

Pillins

Question 11

Which bacterial strain (+/-) do pilins play an important role

Answer 11

Negative

Question 12

Describe the function and composition of Flagellum.

Answer 12

Filamentous appendages, on gram positive and negative

• Composed on H antigen (multiple protein subunits)
• Important in bacterial pathogens

Question 13

What are the 2 different types of bacterial DNA?

Answer 13

Genomic and Plasmids

• Plasmid RNA is transcribed from DNA and translated into proteins by ribosome

Question 14

3 Important encapsulated bacteria

Answer 14

• Streptococcus Pneumoniae
• Neisseria Meningiditis
• Haemophilus Influenzae

(will all be slimy looking)