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Exam 1 Anatomy > Back, Neck, and Shoulder Muscles > Flashcards

Back, Neck, and Shoulder Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

medial third of the superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, spinous process of c7-t12

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2
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula.

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3
Q

Trapezius Actions

A

Superior part: elevates, inferior part depresses, middle part retracts scapula. Superior and inferior work together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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4
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI), C3 and C4

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5
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, spinous process of inferior six thoracic vertebrae, inferior three or four ribs

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

extends, adducts, medial rotates

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve (c 6,7,8)

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9
Q

Rhomboid Minor Origin

A

nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 and T1

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10
Q

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

A

triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

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11
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Action

A

retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapular to thoracic wall

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12
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (c4 and c5)

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

spinous process of t2-T5

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14
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

medial border of scapular from level of spine to inferior angle

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15
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse process C1-C4

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16
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

medial border of scapular superior to root of spine

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17
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

elevates scapulae and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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18
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical spinal nerves (C3,C4)

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19
Q

What are the superficial extrinsic back muscles?

A

Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboid Major & Minor, Levator Scapulae

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20
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Origin

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3

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21
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Insertion

A

Superior borders of ribs 2-4

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22
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Action

A

Elevates Ribs

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23
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Innervation

A

2-5th intercostal nerves

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24
Q

Serratus posterior Inferior Origin

A

Spinous processes of T11 to L2

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25
Serratus posterior inferior Insertion
Inferior borders of ribs 8-12 near their angles
26
Serratus posterior inferior Action
Depresses ribs
27
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation
9-11 intercostal nerves, subcostal (T12) nerve
28
Splenius capitis & Cervicis Origin
nuchal ligament and spinous process c7-t6
29
Splenius capitis Insertion
lateral third of superior nuchal line, mastoid process
30
Splenius capitis & Cervicis Action
laterally flex and rotate to active side.
31
Splenius capitis & Cervicis Innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
32
Splenius Cervicis Insertion
Tubercles of transverse process C1-C3 or C4
33
Erector Spinae Muscles?
Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
34
Erector Spinae Muscles Origin
Broad tendon of posterior iliac crest, sacro-iliac ligament, posterior sacrum. Supraspinous ligament, spinous process of sacral/ inferior lumbar spinous processes
35
Erector Spinae Muscles Innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
36
Erector Spinae Muscles Action
Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column Bilaterally: extend the head and neck
37
Semispinalis capitis/cervicis origin
Origin: transverse process of C4-T10
38
Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Insertion
occipital bone, cervical/thoracic spinous processes spanning 4-6 segments
39
Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Action
Extends head/cervical/thoracic spinous processes and rotates them contralaterally
40
Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
41
Multifidus Origin
Arises from posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, and articular processes of C4-C7
42
Multifidus Insertion
Thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes of vertebrae located two to four segments superior to origin.
43
Multifidus Action
Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side; stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column.
44
Multifidus Innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
45
Rotatores (brevis and longus) Origin
Arise from transverse processes of vertebrae; are best developed in thoracic region
46
Rotatores (brevis and longus) Insertion
Fibers pass superomedially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately(brevis) or two segments (longus) superior to vertebra of origin
47
Rotatores (brevis and longus) Action
May function as organs of proprioception; possibly stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column.
48
Rotatores (brevis and longus) Innervation
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
49
Obliquus capitis inferior Origin
Arises from the spinous process of the C2 vertebra
50
Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion
Into the transverse process of C1 vertebra
51
Obliquus capitis superior Origin
Arises from the spinous process of C1
52
Obliquus capitis superior Insertion
Into the occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines.
53
Rectus capitis posterior major Origin
Arises from the spinouse process of the C2 vertebra
54
Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion
Into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone
55
Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin
Arises from the posterior tubercle on the posterior arch of the C1 vertebra
56
Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion
Into the medial third of the inferior nuchal line
57
Sternocleidomastoid Origin
lateral ½ of superior nuchal line, lateral surface of mastoid process
58
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium | Clavicular head: superior surface of the medial third of the clavicle
59
Sternocleidomastoid Action
unilaterally tilts head to the same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly to opposite side
60
Sternocleidomastoid Innervation
Spinal accessory. C2 and C3
61
Anterior scalene Origin
anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6
62
Anterior scalene Insertion
1st rib
63
Anterior scalene Action
laterally flexes neck, elevates 1st rib during inspiration
64
Anterior scalene Innervation
Cervical spinal nerves C4-C6
65
Middle Scalene Origin
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7
66
Middle Scalene Insertion
Superior border of 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavian artery
67
Middle Scalene Action
Laterally flexes the neck, elevates 1st rib during inspiration
68
Middle Scalene Innervation
Anterior rami of spinal cervical nerves
69
Posterior Scalene Origin
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6
70
Posterior Scalene Insertion
External border of 2nd rib
71
Posterior Scalene Action
Laterally flexes the neck, elevates 2nd rib during inspiration
72
Posterior Scalene Innervation
Anterior rami of cervical c7 c8
73
Supraspinatus Origin
Supraspinous fossa
74
Supraspinatus Insertion
Superior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus
75
Supraspinatus Action
Assists/initiates deltoid in abduction of shoulder joint
76
Supraspinatus Innervation
Subscapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
77
Infraspinatus Origin
Infraspinous fossa
78
Infraspinatus Insertion
Middle facet of greater tubercle
79
Infraspinatus Action
laterally rotates shoulder joint, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
80
Infraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular nerve C5 and C6
81
Subscapularis Origin
Subscapular fossa
82
Subscapularis Insertion
Lesser Tubercle
83
Subscapularis Action
medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
84
Subscapularis Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerve C5,C6,C7.
85
Teres minor Origin
middle part of the lateral border of the scapula
86
Teres minor Insertion
inferior facet of greater tubercle
87
Teres minor Action
Laterally rotates shoulder joint, holds humeral head in glenoid cavity
88
Teres minor Innervation
Axillary nerve C5, C6
89
Teres major Origin
inferior part of lateral border of scapula and posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
90
Teres major Insertion
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus
91
Teres major Action
Adducts and medially rotates
92
Teres major Innervation
lower subscapular nerve C5, C6
93
Deltoid Origin
lateral ⅓ of clavicle, acromion, spine of scap
94
Deltoid Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity
95
Deltoid Action
Clavicle: flexes, medially rotates Acromion: Abducts Spine: Extends, laterally rotates
96
Deltoid Innervation
Axillary n (C5, C6)
97
Pectoralis Major Origin
CLAVICULAR HEAD: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle | STERNOCOSTAL HEAD: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
98
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus
99
Pectoralis Major Action
Adducts, medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapular anteriorly and posteriorly. Clavicular head alone: flexes shoulder joint, Sternocostal head alone: extends
100
Pectoralis Major Innervation
lateral and medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head (C5, C6)

Exam 1 Anatomy (7 decks)

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