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Exam 1 Anatomy > Back, Neck, and Shoulder Muscles > Flashcards

Back, Neck, and Shoulder Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

medial third of the superior nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, spinous process of c7-t12

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2
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula.

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3
Q

Trapezius Actions

A

Superior part: elevates, inferior part depresses, middle part retracts scapula. Superior and inferior work together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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4
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CNXI), C3 and C4

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5
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, spinous process of inferior six thoracic vertebrae, inferior three or four ribs

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

extends, adducts, medial rotates

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8
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve (c 6,7,8)

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9
Q

Rhomboid Minor Origin

A

nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 and T1

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10
Q

Rhomboid Minor Insertion

A

triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

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11
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Action

A

retracts scapula and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity, fixes scapular to thoracic wall

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12
Q

Rhomboid Major & Minor Innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (c4 and c5)

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13
Q

Rhomboid Major Origin

A

spinous process of t2-T5

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14
Q

Rhomboid Major Insertion

A

medial border of scapular from level of spine to inferior angle

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15
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse process C1-C4

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16
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

medial border of scapular superior to root of spine

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17
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

elevates scapulae and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

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18
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A

dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical spinal nerves (C3,C4)

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19
Q

What are the superficial extrinsic back muscles?

A

Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboid Major & Minor, Levator Scapulae

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20
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Origin

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3

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21
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Insertion

A

Superior borders of ribs 2-4

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22
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Action

A

Elevates Ribs

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23
Q

Serratus posterior Superior Innervation

A

2-5th intercostal nerves

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24
Q

Serratus posterior Inferior Origin

A

Spinous processes of T11 to L2

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25
Q

Serratus posterior inferior Insertion

A

Inferior borders of ribs 8-12 near their angles

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26
Q

Serratus posterior inferior Action

A

Depresses ribs

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27
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation

A

9-11 intercostal nerves, subcostal (T12) nerve

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28
Q

Splenius capitis & Cervicis Origin

A

nuchal ligament and spinous process c7-t6

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29
Q

Splenius capitis Insertion

A

lateral third of superior nuchal line, mastoid process

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30
Q

Splenius capitis & Cervicis Action

A

laterally flex and rotate to active side.

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31
Q

Splenius capitis & Cervicis Innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

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32
Q

Splenius Cervicis Insertion

A

Tubercles of transverse process C1-C3 or C4

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33
Q

Erector Spinae Muscles?

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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34
Q

Erector Spinae Muscles Origin

A

Broad tendon of posterior iliac crest, sacro-iliac ligament, posterior sacrum. Supraspinous ligament, spinous process of sacral/ inferior lumbar spinous processes

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35
Q

Erector Spinae Muscles Innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

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36
Q

Erector Spinae Muscles Action

A

Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column
Bilaterally: extend the head and neck

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37
Q

Semispinalis capitis/cervicis origin

A

Origin: transverse process of C4-T10

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38
Q

Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Insertion

A

occipital bone, cervical/thoracic spinous processes spanning 4-6 segments

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39
Q

Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Action

A

Extends head/cervical/thoracic spinous processes and rotates them contralaterally

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40
Q

Semispinalis capitis/cervicis Innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

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41
Q

Multifidus Origin

A

Arises from posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae, and articular processes of C4-C7

42
Q

Multifidus Insertion

A

Thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes of vertebrae located two to four segments superior to origin.

43
Q

Multifidus Action

A

Unilateral contraction rotates to contralateral side; stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column.

44
Q

Multifidus Innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

45
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) Origin

A

Arise from transverse processes of vertebrae; are best developed in thoracic region

46
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) Insertion

A

Fibers pass superomedially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately(brevis) or two segments (longus) superior to vertebra of origin

47
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) Action

A

May function as organs of proprioception; possibly stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column.

48
Q

Rotatores (brevis and longus) Innervation

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

49
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior Origin

A

Arises from the spinous process of the C2 vertebra

50
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior Insertion

A

Into the transverse process of C1 vertebra

51
Q

Obliquus capitis superior Origin

A

Arises from the spinous process of C1

52
Q

Obliquus capitis superior Insertion

A

Into the occipital bone between the superior and inferior nuchal lines.

53
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major Origin

A

Arises from the spinouse process of the C2 vertebra

54
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major Insertion

A

Into the lateral part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone

55
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor Origin

A

Arises from the posterior tubercle on the posterior arch of the C1 vertebra

56
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor Insertion

A

Into the medial third of the inferior nuchal line

57
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

A

lateral ½ of superior nuchal line, lateral surface of mastoid process

58
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

A

Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium

Clavicular head: superior surface of the medial third of the clavicle

59
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Action

A

unilaterally tilts head to the same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly to opposite side

60
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Innervation

A

Spinal accessory. C2 and C3

61
Q

Anterior scalene Origin

A

anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6

62
Q

Anterior scalene Insertion

A

1st rib

63
Q

Anterior scalene Action

A

laterally flexes neck, elevates 1st rib during inspiration

64
Q

Anterior scalene Innervation

A

Cervical spinal nerves C4-C6

65
Q

Middle Scalene Origin

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7

66
Q

Middle Scalene Insertion

A

Superior border of 1st rib, posterior to groove for subclavian artery

67
Q

Middle Scalene Action

A

Laterally flexes the neck, elevates 1st rib during inspiration

68
Q

Middle Scalene Innervation

A

Anterior rami of spinal cervical nerves

69
Q

Posterior Scalene Origin

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6

70
Q

Posterior Scalene Insertion

A

External border of 2nd rib

71
Q

Posterior Scalene Action

A

Laterally flexes the neck, elevates 2nd rib during inspiration

72
Q

Posterior Scalene Innervation

A

Anterior rami of cervical c7 c8

73
Q

Supraspinatus Origin

A

Supraspinous fossa

74
Q

Supraspinatus Insertion

A

Superior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus

75
Q

Supraspinatus Action

A

Assists/initiates deltoid in abduction of shoulder joint

76
Q

Supraspinatus Innervation

A

Subscapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

77
Q

Infraspinatus Origin

A

Infraspinous fossa

78
Q

Infraspinatus Insertion

A

Middle facet of greater tubercle

79
Q

Infraspinatus Action

A

laterally rotates shoulder joint, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

80
Q

Infraspinatus Innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve C5 and C6

81
Q

Subscapularis Origin

A

Subscapular fossa

82
Q

Subscapularis Insertion

A

Lesser Tubercle

83
Q

Subscapularis Action

A

medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint, helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

84
Q

Subscapularis Innervation

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerve C5,C6,C7.

85
Q

Teres minor Origin

A

middle part of the lateral border of the scapula

86
Q

Teres minor Insertion

A

inferior facet of greater tubercle

87
Q

Teres minor Action

A

Laterally rotates shoulder joint, holds humeral head in glenoid cavity

88
Q

Teres minor Innervation

A

Axillary nerve C5, C6

89
Q

Teres major Origin

A

inferior part of lateral border of scapula and posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

90
Q

Teres major Insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

91
Q

Teres major Action

A

Adducts and medially rotates

92
Q

Teres major Innervation

A

lower subscapular nerve C5, C6

93
Q

Deltoid Origin

A

lateral ⅓ of clavicle, acromion, spine of scap

94
Q

Deltoid Insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity

95
Q

Deltoid Action

A

Clavicle: flexes, medially rotates
Acromion: Abducts
Spine: Extends, laterally rotates

96
Q

Deltoid Innervation

A

Axillary n (C5, C6)

97
Q

Pectoralis Major Origin

A

CLAVICULAR HEAD: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

STERNOCOSTAL HEAD: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

98
Q

Pectoralis Major Insertion

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus

99
Q

Pectoralis Major Action

A

Adducts, medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapular anteriorly and posteriorly. Clavicular head alone: flexes shoulder joint, Sternocostal head alone: extends

100
Q

Pectoralis Major Innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves, clavicular head (C5, C6)

Exam 1 Anatomy (7 decks)

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