B4 - Respiration Flashcards
What is anaerobic respiration and where does it occur in cells?
Respiration WITHOUT oxygen, in the cytoplasm
Is respiration an endo- or exothermic reaction?
Exothermic
State the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ -> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animal cells.
Glucose -> lactic acid
State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Which transfers more energy, aerobic or anaerobic respiration?
aerobic respiration
Why do heart rate, breathing rate and breathe volume increase when the body needs more energy?
To increase the oxygenation of the blood and to supply the muscles with more oxygenated blood
What does a build-up of lactic acid cause in muscles?
Muscle fatigue
What is an oxygen debt?
The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells
What is produced when enzymes chemically break down proteins?
Amino acids
What is “metabolism”?
The sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body
Where is lactic acid converted back into glucose?
The liver
What is produced when enzymes chemically break down carbohydrates?
Simple sugar monomers
What is produced when enzymes chemically break down proteins?
Amino acids
what does respiration supply which is needed by all living organisms?
energy
