B2:CellDivision Flashcards
how are chromosomes found in our bodies
in pairs
what is a chromosome
carries the genes that contain the instructions for making new cells
what is a gene
small part of information that controls a characteristic or part of a characteristic of your body
what does mitosis do
produces two identical cells
what happens in the cell cycle
the genetic material is doubled, it then divides into two identical nuclei in a process called mitosis
what happens before a cell can divide
it needs to grow, replicate the DNA and increase the sub-cellular structures, in mitosis one set of chromosomes is pulled to the end of each cell and the nucleus divides to form two identical cells
what is miotic cell division useful for
growth, repair and development
in plant cells where does mitosis occur
meristems which are found in the shoot and root tips
differentiation definition
the process by which cells, tissue, and organs acquire specialized features, especially during embryonic development
where are embryonic stem cells from
human embryos
where are adult stem cells from
adult bone marrow
what can stem cells be used for
helping conditions
what conditions can stem cells help to treat
paralysis and diabetes
what are plant stem cells from their meristems used for
new plant clones quickly and economically
why do people clone plants
research, horticulture and agriculture
