B12-endocrine system Flashcards
What is the endocrine system
This system is another coordination system (similar to the nervous system).
Instead of electrical impulses acting as messengers, in the endocrine system chemicals called hormones are the messengers.
What do glands do
They produce hormones directly into the bloodstream
What is a hormone?
A hormone is a chemical produced by a gland directly into the bloodstream.
The hormone travels to a target organ (e.g.pancreas/liver) where it causes a response.
What does the pituitary gland do
This is the master gland
Situated at the base of the brain
What is hormonal is produced at the thyroid gland
Thyroxine
What hormone is produced at the pancreas
Insulin
WhatHormone is produced at the testes
Testosterone
What hormone is produced at the ovaries
Oestrogen
What form and is produced at the adrenal gland
Adrenaline
What controls blood glucose concentration
By the pancreas
What happens if blood glucose concentration is too high
The pancreas produces the hormone insulin that causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells
What is excess glucose converted to
glycogen for storage
Where is excess glucose stored
In the liver and muscle cells
What does the body do if God glucose levels are too high
1) Pancreas gland detect that blood glucose levels are too high
2) Pancreas releases the hormone insulin
3) Insulin travels in the bloodstream to the liver and body cells
4) Blood glucose levels are lowered and return to normal homoeostasis levels
What happens if the body text that the glucose levels are too low
1) Pancreas gland the text that blood glucose levels are too low
2) Pancreas releases the hormone glucagon
3) Glucagon travels in the bloodstream to the liver (where there is a store of glucose)
4) The liver converts glycogen back into glucose using glucagen
5) Blood glucose levels rise and returns to normal homoeostasis levels
