Axial Loading

Question 1

Define the strength of a material

Answer 1

The amount of force it is able to resist before failure

Question 2

Define the stiffness of a material

Answer 2

The amount of deformation it is able to resist before failure

Question 3

For which materials does Poisson’s Ratio apply

Answer 3

isotropic materials, we are also assuming that the materials are deforming within the elastic region, if the poisons ratio is between 0 - 0.5 the material expands or shrink in the perpendicular direction to the deforming force

Question 4

What is an isotropic material

Answer 4

a material whose properties remain the same in different directions.

Question 5

What is Poisson’s Ratio

Answer 5

a dimensionless material property which tells you how much a given material will contract in the lateral direction when pulled in the longitudinal direction

Question 6

Normal Stress

Answer 6

σ = F / A
units = N/m^2 = Pa

Question 7

Normal Strain

Answer 7

ε = δ / L
δ = axial deformation
L = original length

Question 8

Hooke’s Law

Answer 8

the strain of the material is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that material

Question 9

Young’s modulus

Answer 9

E = σ / ε
a property of the material that tells us how easily it can stretch

Question 10

Define Proportionality limit

Answer 10

the point on a stress-strain curve where the linear, elastic deformation region transitions into a non-linear (curve)

Question 11

Define Elastic limit

Answer 11

the maximum stress a material can endure without sustaining permanent deformation

Question 12

Define Yield point

Answer 12

the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically (permanent)

Question 13

How do you calculate Poisson’s Ratio

Answer 13

ν = ε lat. / ε long.

Question 14

How do you work out deformation due to temperature change

Answer 14

δ = α * ΔT * L

α = coefficient of thermal expansion
ΔT = change in temperature
L = length