AW key topic 3 Flashcards
when was ‘the great die up’?
winter of 1886-87 due to thousands of cattle dying in the icy blizzards and freezing cold
when was the end of the open range?
the 1890’s due to the cattle ranching boom being over
what was the exoduster movement?
in 1879 it was a large scale of movement of african americans in the south to Kansas
when did the KKK begin?
1866
what was the Oklahoma land rush?
1889 the government opened up 2 million acres for settlement in Oklahoma by passing the indian appropriations act. an estimated 50,000 settlers fought for land when the land first opened. by the end of the year there was an estimated 60,000 people
what was the Lincoln county war?
1878 John Turnstall was murdered by opposition business men. Turnstalls cowboys’s set out to avenge him. this culminated in a five day battle in the town of Lincoln. it ended in the burning of Turnstalls store and the triumph of the Houses gunmen
what was the battle at OK Corral?
after the discovery of silver in arizona 1877 the town of Tombstone sprang up. this town suffered lawlessness and violence. a rivalry of the mine owners/ leading citizens of the town and the small ranchers/ cowboys. the result of this was a gunfight where 30 bullets were fired and 3 men died and 2 were wounded. of the Earp side 2 were wounded but of the cowboys 3 died
when was the fence cutting war?
1883 where open ranch farmers would remove the fencing of permanent ranches to gain access to water
when was the Johnson county war?
due to the cattle barons accusing homesteaders of rustling cattle and the local juries doing nothing they took law into tier own hands. the killing started in 1889 in the lynching Jim Avril. the barons then planned an invasion of Johnson county in 1892. the men cut the telephone wires from Johnson county to the rest of the world. but they invasion began to go wrong when Nate Champion and then Nick Ray held the invaders up. by the time Nate champion was dead the city of buffalo knew what was going on the next day the invaders heard the people of buffalo were armed and ready causing them to retreat to the TA ranch where they were besieged.
what was the battle of little bighorn?
in 1876 the army was told to treat all Indians as hostile after the army broke the fort Laramie treaty. a campaign was planned by General Phillip Sheridan where three collumns of soldiers would attack the indians at once. the campaign began well but began to unravel as one of the columns stopped for a break and was attacked by the Sioux. the general Custer disobeyed orders and arrived in little bighorn a day early. he then decided to attack before the rest of the forces arrived causing the soldiers to be outnumbered by the Sioux and suffered many casualties. this eventually led to more forts being built and the end of the sennen resistance of the Sioux
how did the US government destroy the indian way of life?
reservations - president Grants peace policy depended on the indians living on reservations and farming and only leaving the reservations to hunt buffalo. after Grant did not sign a bill to protect the buffalo it didn’t become law
extra troops - the government built more forts and confined the Sioux to their reservations and turned them into peaceful farmers
Tribal structures - further measures were installed to break up tribal structures to remove chiefs
what was the ghost dance movement?
- a holy man had a vision where an indian messiah was coming. if they remained peaceful and performed the Ghost dance then all the where would disappear, the buffalo would return and all dead indians come back to life. the army treated this as a war situation and arrested Sitting bull
what was the wounded knee massacre?
in 1890 many of the ghost dance movement joined Big foots band following Sitting bulls arrest. soldiers moved to disarm the sioux at wounded knee and at least one sioux resisted causing firing to start killing 146 indians.
when was the closure of the indian frontier?
1890
